Research On The Vulnerability Of The Geological Environment And Its Countermeasures In Lijiang

Lijiang is a multiple area of Tibet-Yunnan trough and Yangtze Paraplatform. Because of complicated Geological structure, fragile geological environment and the rapid development of socio-economic, geological environmental problems have become increasingly prominent, and even have arrested the sustainable development of the geological resources and environment. By collecting geography information, the thesis studies the vulnerability of the geological environment, advances measure and reasonable proposals. Study results will provide an important basis for decision making to socio-economic and geological resources and environmental development in Lijiang.By collecting and analysing geological resources and environment informatio, with GIS platform, form the basis of spatial data of the study the geological environment. Based on spatial data, analyses the main environmental geological problems and its domino offect, studies the occurrence and regular pattern of the main environmental geological problems.By superposing and analysing heterogeneous geography information,the thesis analyses geological environmental problems and the controlling element, based on the research, the thesis constructs the vulnerability of the geological environment index system of evaluation,and has sub-districts of the geological environment vulnerability assessment in Lijiang. Carry on the geological environmental protection countermeasures and suggestions.Thesis achieved following research results:1.Interpretate remotesensing-geological information and analyses the remotesensing-geological characteristics of LijiangFrom the image get following information:The image in the area displays that active faults is developed and these faults's characters are activity, clear linearity arid continuity. Circle structures are more developed than other structure and controle by active faults. In the area, The features of line-circle structure reflect the active structure pattern:banded active faults forms rhombi-Skeleton structure of the triangle. By the banded fault control, tectonic basin and uplifted form a common border and the relationship between the tangent and the intersection.2.Major geological environmental problems and analysis of effectsIn Lijiang, the main environmental geological problems, including active faults, earthquakes, geological disasters, soil erosion, endemic diseases, environmental change created environmental problems caused by. geological, human engineering activities and environmental pollution, etc. Active fault zones are developed, and control the landforms and earthquakes occur, the paper analyses and summarized the characteristics of active faults and its impact in this area. Municipal Lijiang earthquake-prone areas, the earthquake had caused huge casualties and economic losses, triggering secondary geological disasters, which is divided into six potential seismic sources. the main development of landslides and debris flows of geological disasters, several countys, townships, mines, roads were of geological hazards, analysis of geological disasters, the development by the physical geography, geology environmental control will be Lijiang is divided into geological disaster-prone areas, easier-prone areas into two categories, and will be prone areas are further divided into nine sections hazard. In Lijiang, mild and moderate is mainly soil erosion, natural topography and geological environment is the main factor affecting soil erosion, human engineering activities on the topography leading to soil erosion worse and worse. In Lijiang, no radioactive anomalies occurred. The endemic diseases in the region are endemic thyroid disease, fluorosis disease and Keshan disease, which limited incidence and confined. Chenghai, Lashihai present water body atrophy, deterioration of water quality trend analysis is the geological environment and climate factors cause the results, Yulong Snow Mountain glacier area decreased in recent years, the snow line raises up obviously, that global warming is the most important reasons, but tourism infrastructure development, the activities of tourists also has an important responsibility. Geological problems caused by human engineering such as traffic routes and mining activities, its affect of extent and scope is limited, steep slopes reclamation has been effectively curbed. In Lijiang, most of the regional water quality is good, but some rivers and lakes, surface water and groundwater are subject to different degrees of pollution, the major settlements in the air to a certain extent affected by pollution.3.Superpose heterogeneous geography information and analyses the characteristics of the geological environmentThe thesis acquire the following result by a comprehensive analysis of multi-source information. The areas of cross line and circle structure usually are active belts and positions of earthquakes. The abnormal belt of Bouguer gravity corresponded with deep faults and earthquakes. Isostatic gravity anomalies indicates these are strong isostatic adjustment in study area. Earthquakes are relation to Isostatic gravity anomalies. Aeromagnetic anomalies are related to tectonic zone and distribute faults, earthquakes incidence in chequered belt of aeromagnetic anomaly. The characteristics of the geological environment is summarized as following main points:complicated geophysical characteristics and active structures are the basics of vulnerability of the geological environment, major geological environmental problems are geological hazards and earthquake, Geo-environmental problems are significant, resources is rich and differences in different regions. The main controlling factor of the geological environment is summarized as active structures, Earthquake and human engineering activities. Active structures are control factors of vulnerability of the geological environment. The study area can be further divided into six areas of potential seismic source. In the future, human engineering which will cause geological problems are developing hydropower station located in the middle reaches of Jinsha River.4. evaluates frangibility of geological environmentalThe thesis adopts principle method of multi-system evaluation, The selection of indicators taken the layer of comprehensive assessment divides into three elements such as the basic resource conditions(factor of influence), environmental condition(factor of duress), and subject of geological environment(factor of expression). The evaluation item selects indicators of twelve factors, And then determine the weight of 12 factors. On basis of GIS, the study area divided into 8921 grid units for evaluation. Extraction and assignment to data of unit by dint of GIS. The thesis takes the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the mathematical method, Through the fuzzy matrix composite, the score value of the unit is obtained, the geological environment in Lijiang vulnerability assessment is divided into 30 sub-districts, three sub-areas of lower vulnerability, ten sub-areas of low vulnerability, seven sub-areas of middle vulnerability, seven sub-areas of high vulnerability, three sub-areas of higher vulnerability.5.Research on Countermeasures of geological environment development and protection in LijiangA mode of development and protection about intricate people-geological environmental system is discussed. Geo-environmental background, human activities, geological environment has a reciprocal impact. Based on the result of evaluation frangibility of geological environmental, measure and reasonable proposals are advanced.The whole region is divided into eight protected and comprehensive developed areas, and the geological environmental protection countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.This thesis mainly achieve the following exploratory innovation:â‘ Base on people-geological environmental system, analyses mechanism of the eological environment problem, Spatial distribution, control factors and environmental effects. By Superimposing heterogeneous geography information Analyses characteristics of geo-environmental in Lijiang and points out that the controlling factor of geo-environmental vulnerability is active structures.â‘¡Construct a System to evaluates frangibility of geological environmental, the geological environment in Lijiang vulnerability assessment is divided.â‘¢advances measure and reasonable proposals of protection and sustainable development based on people-geological environmental system feed-back.â‘£By dint of GIS explores a multi-system construction method of evaluation index system for complex geological structure.