Study On Photonic Crstal And Its Application

In 1987, Yab1onovitch pointed out that photonic cystal couId affect pho-ton,s behaviors with its dielectric materials distributed periodically. There isalso energy band structure for photons in photonic crystal,which is similar asthat for electrons in natural crystal (electronic crysta1). Localized state will ap-pear if there is an impurity or defect. Because photonic cystal can control theflow of photons, it has many app1ications and has become one of the most im-portant theses of the world. In this paper, researches based on one--dimen-sional photonic cystal and its app1ications are developed.In theory, The Finite--Difference Time --Domain (FDTD) method is re-searched. A one--dimensional photonic crysta1 (l --D PC) model is developedand used to calculate the energy band structures of 1 --D PC and 1 --D PC su-per1attice (SL) based on FDTD method. Actually, we calculate the transmis-.sion spectra of 1D PC and 1D SL. We also design a novel opticaI switching andoptical 1imiting of 1--D PC and verify their feas1ble by numerica1 analysis.In experiments, the energy band structures of l --D PC and 1 --D PC SLare researched. We get the relation between the band gap width and the num-ber of the Iayers, dielectric indices contrast,midgap wave--length. The mi-crocavity of 1 --D PC and 1 --D PC SL structure are made. We study the re-flection and transmission characteristics of the microcavities. Experiment re-sults indicate the microcavity of l --D PC structure can get a high reflection co-efficient and a good stabi1ity and substantiality of the fiIm layers in air.