The Study Of The Differential Correction Methods In The Shoting And The Receiving

Nowadays, the focus of the seismic prospecting work has shifted tothe complex regions, which are from the even surface and the simplegeological structure. As a result, we need lift the quality requirement ofthe seismic exploring and the processing. And we urgently need a kind ofeffectual processing method for the seismologic data got from thecomplicate region.When we launch the seismic exploration in the complex surfacesuch as desert,ramla,the sea's stran and shelf ,the received seismicreflection data become deformed too seriously to directly make thereservoir inversion and the oil and gas calculation by the reflected wavefield's dynamics characteristics as the result of the major waveletdivergence caused by the different stimulating means,seisphones and thelithology in the surface.From the seismic wave dynamic, we can conclude that: The seismic wave'senergy, which is concretely reflected by the amplitude, will gradually decrease as theseismic wave spreads because of the absorption attenuation of the scoring media. Bymore, the divergence in the seismic wave's energy will be caused by the differentstimulating factors (such as the type of seismic source,the stimulating-lithology,theamount of the explosive and the gun pressure ) and the receiving factors( such as thetype of the geophone,the array configuration and the allegiance of the geophone withthe earth).The change of the appliance will also bring about the divergence in thefrequency and the phase when we explore in the strand. The divergences caused bypreceding factors express the different frequency and phase in the differentsegmentation, which will bring about the wavelet divergence difficult to superimposethe homophase on the conjugation of the data.For the reason, we need study to obtain the wavelet's statisticalattributes. And then, we can make the compatibility processing for theshotpoints and the receiving-points for the purpose of removing thedivergence between the shot-points and receiving-points to get the higherquality seismic data.The paper provides five typical complicated surfaces and analyses their owncharacters. And then, we thoroughly analyse the factors affecting the seismic signalfrom the amplitude of vibration ,frequency,phase of the seismic wave. With thestudy on the the seismic data processing methods, taking the sea's strand and shelf forexample, we realize that the appropriate combination of two-step statistics waveletdeconvolution with matched filtering can make the data-assembly causing by thedifferent conditions in shooting and the receiving.With the application of the method, we get the following results:1,The divergence in shooting and receiving is essentially corrected, the effect toseismic data by shotpoints and receiving-point is also removed meanwhile.2,The wavelet is reshaped in order that the wavelet from the different soursesincline to accordance.3,The result of the seismic data processing has greatly improved.The application of the method in the regions of Shengli and Xinjiang has provedits feasible theory ,convenient operation,obvious effectiveness, which provide us anew clue and orientation for the seismic data processing in the complex regions.The innovations in the thesis are as follows:1,We analyse and generalize the distinguished features of the five typicalcomplicated surfaces ,and propose the communications and distinctions between theseismic exploration in the sea's strand and shelf and others.2,From the aspects of the amplitude,frequency,phase,we discuss and analysethe differences between the shooting and the receiving in affecting the seismic signal.3,We first propose the synthetical application of the two-step statistics waveletdeconvolution with matched filtering ,make the data-assembly causing by thedifferent conditions in shooting and the receiving.With the study ,we can get the better results in the acquirement and processing,which makes us get the higher profiles to interpret the seismic data. As the gradualdevelopment on the theory and the application, the method would contribute more incomplex regions.