Research On Reconnaissance Technology And Seepage Stability For "No.1 Well In China" Site

"No.1 Well in China" site, one of the most important discoveries on Qin dynastyarchaeology during the recent century, one of the greatest findings in the 21st century,belongs to the fifth batch of the state key cultural relic units. Because the relativelyclose preserving surroundings in the past have been changed by the local excavationsince 2002, kinds of environmental geological disasters in the site, such as seepageand pit-wall collapse, are led that must be taken engineering measures to conquer. Inaddition, some very bad effects to the site will be made by the swelling in YoushuiRiver because of Wanmipo reservoir downstream 36.77km away from the site. No.1Well is threatened by extermination without emergency measures to salvage, so theprotection for the well has no time to delay.To salvage the site, the seepage and waterlog must be prevented from, and thecollapse of the wall and mouth of No.1 Well must be avoided. In the meantime otherenvironmental geological disasters should be cured. Overseas or at home, no examplefor research on preventing seepage & waterlog from site well except for this site, noexample for research on preventing seepage & waterlog from any site under proteanwater power, and no example for research on safe exhumation depth or optimalexhumation scheme in any site.The systemic protection & use of cultural relic and the consistent preserve &exhibition of cultural relic are carried through this research. The engineeringgeological condition, the seepage mechanism, the stability and protecting measures ofthe site are studied in this research. Comprehensive exploration shows that theexisting seepage-proof engineering is not all-around and makes certain the spatiallocation of moat and unexcavated ancient pond in the site. A set of equipments andprocess for sampling cone test are developed to determine the positions of ancientsites like moats and ancient ponds, putting respective merits together including theinnocuity to cultural relic of physiological exploration, the precision and intuition ofdrilling, the speediness, portability, and low cost of portable cone test withoutelectromagnetic interference, unmatchable to traditional reconnaissance means. Forthe first time, on the basis of site reconnaissance, the effects on site under the proteanwater powers of Wanmipo Reservoir are studied systemically, the main factorsdangerous to exhumation are found out, the safe exhumation depths are determined,the optimal exhumation scheme is projected, the puncturing possibility is evaluated,and the dangerous parts in the moat and No.1 Well are pointed out. By traversing theengineering geological conditions in the whole site, a set of new integrated protectingmeasures are brought forward to prevent from seepage & waterlog under the statusquo of the site. These protecting measures have far-reaching significance to preserve,exhume and utilize the site. These achievements and methods in this research can beused for reference in researches on cultural relic preservation, guarding againstinfiltration & waterlog, slope analysis, reconnaissance and geophysical explorationetc.