Study On Compound Ecosystem Of Riparian Zone In Three Gorges Reservoir Area

The rivers and the aquatic ecosystem are Earth's biological engine; they are foundations of the life of the local resident The dam alter the terrain and the physiognomy and may clause to the unreversed influence, many dams in the world not one exception have some degree influence to its environment of the watershed, the Three Gorges Project will certainly bring to the profound influence to the structure and function of the ecological environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Area.After the operation of Three Gorges Reservoir, the riparian zone which the ecotone of water aquatic ecosystem and the terrestrial ecosystem will come into being, it characterized the ecological vulnerability, the periodic change and the frequency of the Human's activity. It has the important influence to the aquatic ecosystem and the terrestrial ecosystem especially to water quality; the influence of Human's activity to the rivers such as agriculture nonpoint source (NPS) pollution, the changing of the land utilization and so on is mainly by the riparian zone, The riparian zone is the key and bottleneck of the rivers ecology repair. Many failures of the rivers repair have related with not adopted the protective measures of riparian zone, The center of gravity of the rivers ecology repair already shifted from the water body to the riparian zone, many facts prove that does not pay attention to the protection with ecosystem service function of riparian zone, it will become the key factor of limiting the economic development of the watershed, because the river ecosystem and artificial ecosystem of the watershed such as the industry agriculture animal husbandry and other production systems exchange with the material and energy, once the crisis takes place in one's own ecosystem of river, the other ecosystems which taking river as backing have just lost the foundation of existence, the development of society and economic and population will be depleted progressively.So, the ecological problem of riparian zone of Three Gorges Reservoir area not only an environmental problem but also a social concern, it not only concern the ecological environment of the Three Gorges reservoir area, but also concern the economic and social sustainable development, therefore the ecosystem of riparian zone is a compound ecosystem which consist of nature, society and economy.