The 3D Reconstruction Methods Study Based On Generalized Stereopair

Along with the development of high resolution satellite imaging technology, the modern remote sensing (RS) technology, providing multi-band, multi-time and abundant earth observation data in time, enters a dynamic, fast, and precise era. And there are more and more applications in fields of national defence, economy construction and social development and so on.The increase of quantity and the stereo imaging ability improvement of satellites, affords the possibility to reconstruct global targets. But due to the restriction of various factors (such as polity factor, economy factor, technique factor and security factor), the practicable RS imagery resources are quite finite. It faces huge challenge for us to obtain various imperative 3D reconstructions with traditional methods. Based on above reasons, sometimes in certain specifical regions, it is difficult to get stereopairs acquired by the same satellites or cameras (maybe imagery do not exist at all, maybe price is expensive), but easy to get imagery acquired by different satellites or cameras. Considering the availability and the cost of RS data, we can utilize these different non-stereo imagery, obey the principles of photogrammetry and RS and homologous mathematics theories, construct generalized stereopairs samely, reach the purpose to obtain 3D information, and then realize the 3D reconstruction for the terrain and target objects in these regions. So it is a problem that how to utilize these multi-source RS data and correlative information to realize the exact and reliable 3D reconstruction of terrain and objects. And this problem reveals its instancy and importance more and more, and needs to resolve the key theories and techniques relating to this problem.This dissertation focuses on the 3D reconstruction based on multi-source RS data, and makes systemic investigation in space intersection mathematics models based on Rational Function Model (RFM), construction of generalized stereopairs and relative arithmetics, and analysis of some primary experiments. The main study contents are as the following:(1) This dissertation reviews the up-to-date 3D reconstruction technologies utilizing RS imagery, and recommends the applications of RFM. Then prospects the developing trendency of 3D reconstruction.(2) Proposes a concept of "generalized stereopair", and expatiates this concept detailedly in connotation, fitting objects, siganificance of realism and mathematics. Then illuminates the construction methods of generalized stereopairs.(3) Aimming at multi-source RS imagery, establishes a standardizational processing framework, then studies and explains the contents and methods included in standardizational processing.(4) Expands the space intersection mathematics model based on RFM, and considering the complexity of multi-source RS imagery, brings out three new models: the RFM+CEM (Collinearity Equation Model), RFM+AM (Affine Model), and RFM+DLT (Direct Linear Transformation) .(5) Based on the study of models and arithmetics, this dissertation utilizes multi-source RS data in existance to construct generalized stereopairs and analyses the precision of 3D reconstruction in experiments. Then stressly analyses and discusses the intruduction of observation-value weight matrix, and its effection on computing precision of these models. According to the state of coefficient matrix of medels, for RFM+RFM model, brings out the equal-step detection and polynomial regression for observation-value weight matrix in order to compute the optimum values, and improve the computing precision; for RFM+AM and RFM+DLT models, utilizes matrix QR decomposition and ridge regression methods to guarantees the computing stability of these models. Finally proves the feasibility of construction of generalized stereopairs.