Studies On The Green Analytical Technique And Degradation Of Typical Organic Pollutants

Aromatic amines are listed among the 129 priority pollutants in USA and suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a new type of persistent organic pollutants in environment and suspected to associate with immune or reproductive system deficits. In this study, we selected aromatic amines and PBDEs as target chemicals to investigate their biodegradative and photolytic behavior. Meanwhile, the green analytical methods were developed to extract them in different environmental matrices.The biodegradation and biosorption of aromatic amines are investigated by C. reinhardtii algae and analysed the difference. The major conclusions are as follows:(1) The degradation process of p-Toluildine,p-Bromoaniline,p-Chloroaniline and o-Chloro-aniline is fit to the second-order kinetic equation well.(2) After 8 d, the total degradation levels of p-Toluildine,p-Bromoaniline,p-Chloroaniline and o-Chloroaniline were 28.3%,15.6%,14.3% and 10.2%, respectively.The degradation rates on an average day are 0.3538,0.1950,0.1788 and 0.1275 mg L-1, respectively. The different of degradation is determined by their properities.(3) The continuous-flow microextraction and static liquid-phase microextraction are used and optimized to exract aromatic amines in water and algae samples. The biosorption levels of p-Toluildine,p-Bromoaniline and p-Chloroaniline are detected to be 349.59μg g-1,24.27μg g-1 and 68.75μg g-1, respectively.Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with other analytical methods are developed, and the photolytic behavior and interaction mechanism between higher and lower brominated diphenyl ethers are also analyzed in detail. The major conclusions are as follows:(1) The main congeners of PBDEs in water samples are BDE-28 and 47, and the concentrations ofΣPBDEs in the wet and dry seasons are 10.65-37.10 ng L-1 and 7.98-33.36 ng L-1; The main congeners of PBDEs in soil/sediment samples are BDE-28,47 and 100, and the concentrations ofΣPBDEs in the wet and dry seasons are 2.77-27.29μg kg-1 and 6.43-68.45μg kg-1. Based on the prel-iminary analysis, the pollution is mainly effected by point source.(2) For trace analysis of PBDEs in the environment, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with solid phase extraction and cleanup by freezing, respectively, are developed to determine trace PBDEs in water, plants, aquatic animals and milk samples. The lowest limit of detection for the proposed method was 0.03-0.15 ng L-1, which can satisfy the requirements of residual analytical techniques. (3) The photodegradation of PBDEs in isooctane solution is fit to the first order kinetic equation. The higher (BDE-183) and lower (BDE-47,99,154,153) brominated congeners are influenced each other in the process of photolytic transformation. The photolytic half-live of BDE-183 is increased by 102.8%-190.9% compared to its irradiation as single compound. On the other hand, the half-lives of lower brominated congeners are increased by 104.7%-323.3%. The higher the concentration is the greater impact. The results are due to their properties.