The Study Of Water Environment Of Rivers And Treatment Methods To Outskirts Unit Of Shanghai

Under the strongly disturbed of human action,there are many pollution sources along the rivers of outskirts unit,the water environment pollution is most serious in there. At the same time,the outskirts unit is being developed and built quickly,so it is very urgent to treat the water environment of this region.the rivers of Shanghai Putuo District have the typical features of outskirts unit's river,so there are impertinent significances of theory and practice to study them.This paper selected Putuo District as a sample,base the analysis of water environment research trends at home and abroad,took the synthetical methods of survey,analysis and research to discover the present condition of pollution of the water environment in the outskirts unit from the different views of pollution sources,water quality,botton sludge quality,analyse the cause of pollution,propose the treatment methods.this paper finished 120km of the four grade level survey,111 sections survey of river,28 sections monitor of water quality,11 sections monitor of botton sludge quality,pollution sources survey of 24 sluices,57 pump houses,415 factories,15 subdistrict's domestic sewage,obtained 80,000 datas.throught analysis of all this material,this paper advanced the main conclusions as follows:1. pollution sources:the pollution sources of Putuo District can be divided into five parts:industrial wastewater,non-industrial enterprise wastewatr,domestic sewage,agricutural wastewater,animal husbandry wastewater. non-industrial enterprise wastewatr and domestic sewage are main pollution sources.the wastewater emission total is 95.3427 million tons per annum,and 5.2624 million tons per annum discharge to river,account for 5.5%of the wastewater emission total.the wastewater which discharged to 13 main rivers come from 77 enterprise's non-industrial wastewatr (2.5299 million tons per annum ) and Changzheng,Taopu,Zhengru,Baili subdistrict's domestic sewage,68% of them discharge to Taopu river,Xiqiujian and Zhaoyan river. Shanghai Railway University is the biggest pollution source,its pollutant load rateis 42.47%.2.the water quality present situation of riveronly Yunchuhu,New Henanban and Caoyanhuangban three rivers' water quality is better then water quality standard V among 25 rivers which evaluted the water quality present situation in this paper,another 22 rivers' water quality is worse than it.the main pollutant index are CODcr,DO,CODMn,NH3-N,DO.all of surveying section's CODand 79% surveying section's DO,NH3-N are worse than water quality standard V.I00% river long's CODCT,and more than 80% river long's DO,NH3-N in 57km river assemented in this paper are worse than water quality standard V.3. the bottom sludge quality present situation of river.all of river's botton sludge in Putuo District was polluted by heavy metals in different degree,and Cd pollution is most serious.the rate of degree at middle pollution or over middle pollution of Cd,Cu,Zn,Pb is 92%,46%,46%,30% differently in bottom sludge,Hg pollution is slight in 92% bottom sludge of river.in all region assemented,the pollutant load rate of Cd,Cu,Zn,Pb,Hg is 28.2%,22.2%,19.0%,17.0%,13.6% differently.in 13 rivers assemented,the pollutant load rate of Taopu river is highest,second is Mudugang and Zhengrugang,Zhangjing river and Liwa river's pollutant load rate is most low.4.main reason of water environment pollution of river:first,there are many pollution sources,the total of sewage outlet is 436 now;second,the water come from upper reaches is dirty,the pollution of water environment is increased directly;third,the water dynamic of river is weak,decrease the self-purification capacity of water;forth,the bottom sludge release pollutant,make water secondly pollution.5. treatment methods of water environment:drawind up the river planning,making clear the river function,adjusting river system rationaly;strengthenning the treatment of pollution sources,perfecting the municipal sewerage system,controlling the wastewater discharge;reduc-ing the wastewater discharge of municipal pumb...