Study On Hazardous Waste Systemic Management Pattern And Its Application

Hazardous solid wastes (HSW) are substance with toxicity, inflammability, chemical reactivity, infectivity and radioactivity, which make the hazardous solid wastes the potential pollutions and harms to the atmospheric, aquatic, edaphic and ecological environments. Along with the development of society and living level, utilization of land and resources and sharp growth of urban population, the amount of hazardous solid wastes rises greatly and continuously causes eliminativeless impacts on ecological environment, also potential impacts on human health and ecological environment because of the characteristics of hazardous solid wastes. Therefore, the hazardous solid wastes not only pollute the urban environment but also retard the realization of sustainable development. The enforcement of management system of urban hazardous solid wastes has great values on the economic development, environment protection and peoples' health.At present, there is no systemic management and plan for the hazardous solid wastes and its management is not included in the urban plan in China. Therefore, in this dissertation, the overall process management theory and system analysis are adopted to realize the overall process management, "from cradle to grave" management on the urban hazardous solid wastes based on the principles of urban hazardous solid wastes which include the HSW's yielding, collection, transportation, utilization, storage, treatment and final disposal, and principles of HSW's decrement, recycle and harmless.It is complicated to establish an optimal HSW management system because all the treatment or disposal methods are not independent and they have various connections and interactions. In this dissertation, the present situations and developing trends of HSW management, treatment and disposal are carefully analyzed; then according to the principles of HSW management and with overall process management theory and principles of systemic plan and analyzing methods adopted, a HSW management system is established after each step, from the generation of HSW to its final disposal, is analyzed. By adopting theprinciples of optimization theory, a multiple objective programming model of HSW management system is established, and the characteristics such as economic, environmental and technical factors of this model are analyzed; finally, a solution is put forward as well as several commonly used urban HSW disposal methods are discussed. While building the multiple objective programming model, the environmental factors of HSW's transportation, treatment or disposal sites and economy considered are considered in this multi-objective model. When the HSW management system is optimized, the compatibility analyzing between different HSW and the complex effect function are first used in optimizing this model in order to minimize the cost and environmental impacts, which is important to the operation and theoretical aspects of the urban HSW management system.In this dissertation, the multiple objective programming model of HSW management system is used in the urban HSW management system plan in Chongqing. The SW's amount of Chongqing are predicted on the basis of analysis of its present situations; after the present situation of Chongqing and analysis of the factors and parameters of this model, and the compatibility of different kinds of HSW considered, the established optimal HSW management system is used under several different cases. In each case, the different optimal plan is worked out after optimization of the HSW management for the main city area of Chongqing. This management system can also be used as suggestion sources for the related administrations or agencies.