Remote Sensing Information Extraction Of Ecological Environment And Eco-security Evaluation In Panxi Mining Concentrated Area

With the substantial increase of world population and the rapid development of science and technology, the global ecological environment is being changed at an unprecedented scale and speed, the contradiction between the Earth and the human beings is increasingly acute, and the trend of the global ecological environment is deteriorating in general. However, the research on the ecological security evaluation index system and evaluation method has yet to be deepened, and the type of eco-security zone has yet to be further expansion and improvement.Panxi area is the ecological barrier of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and it is one of an important region to maintain the ecological environment of Sichuan as well as the overall stability of our country. As a key mineral resources development region and a large iron and steel industrial base, Panxi area's development of mineral resources is in the long-term large-scale and super-strength. With great contributions to the country's construction and development, people's ignorance of environmental impact caused the ecological environment and even ecological imbalance damage, that not only the social development of the area but also the social security of Sichuan and entire Yangtze River basin will be impacted.Based on the results of previous studies, using 3S technology, and selecting multi-type, multi-temporal and different spatial resolution remote sensing images, the interpreter marks of remote sensing of mining activities types were established, and effective remote sensing information extraction techniques and methods of the key types of mineral development were put forward. Based on the "Pressure- State-Response" framework model, a scientific and rational ecological security evaluation index and standard system of the study area was established. On this basis, this study took the evaluation of ecological security situation of the study area by using artificial neural network. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance to the protection of resources and the ecological environment security in this area, and provided an important scientific basis for the departments of the country or provinces' policy development about a region environmental protection and ecological reconstruction.Through general-depth scientific research, this study drew the main conclusions and innovations as follows:(1) According to the special geographical and geological characteristics of the mining zone, selecting multi-type, multi-temporal and different spatial resolution remote sensing images(TM, SPOTS, IKONOS, etc.), through remote sensing digital images processing and field research, the interpreter marks of remote sensing of mining activities types (stope, mining tunnel mouth, dumps, coal refuse pile, tailings), Geological disasters (mudslides, landslides and geological disasters risk), environmental pollution (water pollution, dust pollution) of study area were established. An effective remote sensing information extraction techniques and methods of information extraction of the above target by using high-precision multi-type multi-temporal remote sensing image were put forward.(2)In supporting of remote sensing and geographic information systems technology, applying geo-information TuPu theory and of landscape ecology theory, a comprehensive quantitative study about land use structure, the spatial pattern of land use, the extent of land-use and landscape spatial structure of the study area was taken, which can provide the basic data and background information for ecological security evaluation of the study area.(3) According to the characteristics of the study area whose development of mineral resources were focused, based on the Pressure-State-Response (P-S-R) framework model, a scientific and rational ecological security evaluation index and standard system of the study area was established, which provides a theoretical basis for an objective evaluation of the security situation of study area.(4)For the non-linear relationship between the evaluation indicators and the ecological security situation in the study area, this study innovative took the evaluation of ecological security situation of the study area by using artificial neural network whose training used SCE-UA algorithm that well overcome the slow learning and difficult convergence of BP neural network algorithm. The results of Ecological security evaluation of study area were objective, reasonable and the credibility was high.The studies have shown that, five types of eco-security status which were safe status, relatively safe status, early warning status, relatively insecurity status, and insecurity status are distributed in the whole study area. The ecological security levels of the study area were dominated by two types which were the relatively security status and early warning status, and the overall ecological security situation was in the middle level; The regional differences of ecological security level at the study area were more pronounced, and ecological security situation in the north is better than the south; The development of mineral resources make large number land resources has been occupied, vegetation has been destroyed, and frequent geological disasters, more potential risk, and environmental pollution problems became the dominant affecting factor of ecological security, ecological damage to the environment of the study area.(5)This study carried out innovative research focused on ecological security of Panxi mining concentrated areas. A comprehensive theory of regional ecological security system and technology which included the establishment of ecological security evaluation index system and standards, processing of evaluation data and evaluation model were formed. New ideas and methods has provided for ecological security research of a region, particularly the mining zones.