| Solar energy is inexhaustible clean energy without any pollution. With the sustained increasement of population, the fossil energy such as mine, oil and so on is gradually drained. And environmental pollution is more and more serious now. The application of solar energy is becoming more and more important. And it turns to be the whole world's research focus.Accordding to photovoltaic effect; Semiconductor solar cells can directly translate light energy into electrical energy. And it's convenient to be applied. And therefore, it receives special attentions. Recent years, as the whole world's output of solar cells increase quickly, it's endowed with rising industry. So far, on-line test is one of the key technologies that are desiderated to be solved in the progress of solar cell's production. In the paper, the on-line testing system is a sub-study funded by the significant scientific and technological issues in shanghai (03DZ12033).The study aims to solve the key technologies in the progress of solar cell's on-line test. And it can primly control the on-line quality of solar cells.With the earnest guidance of professor Gong zhenbang and Professor Wei guangpu, the author refers to a large number of domestic and foreign literatures. The paper summarizes the key technologies'development at home and abroad in the progress of solar cells test. Based on both theoretical research and technology relization, the article takes in-depth analysis on both key technologies'theory of on-line solar cells test and the problems in the actual application. And it brings forward a new solar simulator based on optical integrator and double channels optical feedback. And it controls the radiation intensity, irradiation no uniformity degree and its instability effectively. The author has designed a test system that can accurately test solar cell's characteristic parameters such as short-circuit and open-voltage. Besides, it can realize self-adapt in a large bound. It endues some capacity to the test system. On the basis of analyzing solar cell I-V curve fitting, the thought of combination of IRAGA and ACA is proposed. The algorithm improves the computing efficiency largely, what's more, by using this algorithm, five technical parameters for solar cell can be acquired more accurately. With the computer simulating technology, it analyzes the main techniques parameters which affect the solar cells'converting efficiency. And it finds out the approaches to improve the converting efficiency. The article delivers solar cell robot shifting system with two arms by finite element analysis, control theory and related tests. This system is able to prevent fragmentation and adhesion. Solar simulator's irradiation uniformity, radiation instability, and irradiation utilization are the keys in the solar cell's test. In this paper, the design of solar simulator includes both optical system and control system. In the optical system design, a novel optical structure is put forward based on optical integrator. It adopts the coaxial optical sytem, composed of two convex lens arrays. It realizes the light's secondary uniformity.Meanwhiles, by improving the structure of light, xenon light source is put on the first focus of the ellipsoid, and the point of collimator lens is coincident with the first focal point of ellipsoid. And the second focal point is coincident with the focal point of convex lens array. So the two light routes are coincident with the first focal point of convex lens array, which improves the utilization of irradiation. In the control of solar simulator, the author proposes a dual-optical feedback control of the new ideas. It can control the trigger pulse's width and amplitude by the feedback of radiation sensor.Thereby, it controls the light intensity and the simulator's working time. At the same time, it controls data acquisition time.Besides; it adjusts the circuit of xenon by another radiation sensor's feedback. Therefore, it realizes the stability of irradiation.By experimental tests; all of simulator'indexs achieves the A-level.In order to obtain accurate measurement data, the key is the test system based on the solar simulator of high quality. On the basis of analyzing the traditional test circuit, the circuit composed of precision operational Amplifier with the reference voltage was designed. In the process of short-circuit current measurement; the followed voltage 0V was set. By the role of voltage follower, so that the solar cells at both ends can be followed the voltage to 0V, in order to achieve the accurate measurement of short-circuits current. Acquisition loops in the voltage and current, respectively, were used an electronic multi-way switch with a combination of precision resistance and multi-channel relay and precision resistor combination to achieve adaptive testing of voltage and current range and the accurate measurement of parameters. The voltage of the system could be 0.5 V ~ 50V; the current measurement range could be 3mA ~ 5.6A. The maximum relative error of test data was 0.3-0.8%. The system was achieved good results.The purpose of the parameters test was obtaining the characteristic parameters of solar cells. To obtain the characteristic parameters of solar cells, solar cell I-V curve fitting was particularly important. On the basis of analyzing and comparing the traditional algorithm, the author proposed ideas based on the combination of IRAGA and ACA I-V curve fitting of solar cells. With the improvement of method of coding, crossover probability ;mutation probability ;the improvement of cross-operator of IRAGA; the transfer probability ;information element of ACA etc., the combination algorithm was achieved great progress at the aspect of the calculation of the workload and the accuracy of test. The calculation of the workload was less than the calculation of pseudo-Monte Carlo algorithm for 17.8%, and less than GA algorithm for 47%. At the same time, five parameters of characteristics were obtained with accuracy. By analyzing the parameters, a method was found to increase solar cell conversion efficiency.Because the silicon was needed to shift at the process of the production of crystalline silicon solar cells, shifting quickly and accurately was a key with the solar cell production and test on line. By analyzing the structure and rhythm of the test system of the solar production line, the concept of the robot with arms transfer solar system was put forward. The system was including the robot body, the robot sucker and the servo control system. The robot body was using two arms with two joints body structure; the rotation joints was using a servo motor to drive; the straight line joints was using pneumatic servo control. At the control of the robot rotation joint, through the establishment of the control model, transfer function was derived, which determine the rate of gain and position to control. At the straight-line movement of the robot joints, through modeling of the pneumatic servo system, its transfer function is derived using fuzzy PID control strategy and fuzzy PID controller was designed, so as to effectively achieve the precise control of position.Experiments show that the simulation of solar technology, solar cell characteristic parameters of high-precision auto-adaptive test system, I-V curve fitting technology and accurate test technology of characteristic parameters of solar cell and shatter-resistant and transfer technology of silicon solar cell are all made great progress and related technologies have been received three national invention patents. The study has laid a solid foundation for future practical engineering applications and next explore. The project was of the acceptance by experts in October 2007.
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