| Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most commonly complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and many patients die from DN. DN whose pathogenesis has not been fully understood, doesn't been well treated in the days. It is very significance to find a effective method of treatment to DN. Sodium ferulate (SF) is the sodium salt of ferulic acid which is the main component of ligustrazine and angelica root. SF can dialate blood vessels, inhibit the recruitment of platelet and inflammatory reaction, increase the ability of body's antioxidant and clear away oxygen radicals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of SF on kidneys in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ).Part oneObjetive: To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of SF on kindeys in diabetic rats. Methods: The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SF (110mg/kg) per day for 8 weeks. The renal weight/body weight, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum and urinary creatinine, clearance rate of creatinine (Ccr), proteinuria, and the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in renal tissues were measured. The pathology changes were observed and immunhistochemical staining were used to examin the expression of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)and collagen IV in renal tissues. Results: The levels of BUN, serum creatinine (Scr), Ccr, proteinuria, renal weight/body weight, and the levels of ET-1 and NO in renal tissues in the diabetic control group were significantly increased, which compared with normal control group. The levels of BUN, Ccr, proteinuria, renal weight/body weight, and the levels of ET-1 in renal tissues in the group of treament were significantly lower than that in diabetic control group. In the diabetic control group, there was a significant pathology changes and a higher expression of TGF-β1 andcollagen IV in renal tissues than that in normal control group. The abnormalities were significantly ameliorated in the group of treatment. Conclusion: Administration of SF to diabetic rats induced by STZ can ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. The benifficial effects may contribute to the reduced production of ET-1 and the decreased expression of TGF-β1 and collagen IV in kidney.Part twoObjetive: To investigate the blocking effects of SF on the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation on kidneys in diabetic rats. Methods: The diabetic rats induced by STZ were treated with SF (110mg/kg) per day for 8 weeks. The renal weight/body weight, BUN, serum and urinary creatinine, Ccr, proteinuria, and the antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), in serum and renal cortex were measured. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and fructosamine (FMN) in renal cortex and serum were also measured. The advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in renal cortex were measured with both methods of fluorescence spectroscopy and competitive ELISA. The pathology changes were also observed. Results: The levels of BUN, Scr, Ccr, proteinuria, FMN and AGEs in renal cortex, FMN in serum, and renal weight/body weight in diabetic control group were significantly higher than that in normal group. The levels of BUN, Ccr, proteinuria, AGEs in renal cortex, FMN in serum, renal weight/body weight in the group of treatment were significantly lower than that in diabetic control group. In the diabetic control group, there was a highter level of MDA and a lower activity of SOD and CAT in serum and renal cortex than that in normal control group. The abnormalities were significantly ameliorated in the group of treatment. The pathology changes is significant in the diabetic control group, which is signifcantly ameliorated with the treatment of SF. Conclusion: SF can protect the activity of antioxidant enzymes, clear away oxygen radicals and inhibit the deposit of AGEs in kindey, which maybe the mechanisms of protecting effects on kindey in diabetic rats treated with SF.Part three Objetive: To investigate the effect of SF on the receptor for advanced...
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