| Rhizoma Curcumae, Radix Curcumae and Rhizoma Curcumae longae are the plants of the genus of Curcuma, which represent some of the most popular Chinese traditional medicine. Curcuma genus belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. They are the same genus, but different species. Therapeutic activities of anti-tumor, combating cruor, combating inflammation, anti-oxidation, against early pregnancy and liver protection have been wildly concerned for the applications of the Curcuma species in Chinese medicines by recent years. It has been reported that the curcumin and the volatile oil extracts from the Curcuma species are the major activities fractions. The glucose injection of the essential oil of Rhizoma Curcumae was new medicine of anti-virus, which had been collected by the China Pharmacopoeia (Vol. II, edition in 1995). It has been wildly used with the medicine of anti-bacteria in clinical. Holy Journer (health protector for females) Foamy Preparation composed by the volatile oil of Rhizoma Curcumae and Borneol has the function of combating bacteria, diminishing inflammation and anti-tumor. In recent years, it has been pointed out by many research papers that curcumin is effective anti-mutagenesis, as well as anti-cocarcinogen. Curcumin has been the third chemical prophylactic agent of tumor in the State Tumor Institut of American.The essential oils from rhizomes of Curcuma genus are important forpharmaceutical industries. However, the chemical constituents of the essential oils from rhizomes of Curcuma genus are very complicated. Studies on different species of Curcuma indicated that terpenes, sesquiterpene and sesquiterpene lactones were the major chemical constituents of essential oils. The quality of agent was concerned with the quality of the essential oil. It was difficult to control the clinical effect if we could not control the quality of the essential oils of Curcuma genus. The choke points of the modernization of Chinese traditional medicine industry are quality out of controlling and security fallibility. Traditional estimation methods of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine were determining certain compound by the way of quality analysis and quantitative analysis. Nevertheless, for the most traditional Chinese medicine, the medicine effect was not from any single active compound, but from many active compounds. It's very difficult to estimate nicety true and false or good and bad of the traditional Chinese medicine by any single active compound. Fingerprints determined by chromatography technology have been provided with non-linearity characteristic of colligation, macroscopic and faintness. In order to strengthen quality controlling of Chinese traditional medicine production and safety medication in clinical, the fingerprints have been introduced to quality standard controlling of Chinese traditional medicine by SDA.The innovations of this research are bellow:1. It is the first time to determine the fingerprints of the essential oil of plants of the genus of Curcuma by using gas chromatograph-mass spectrum. The method is so useful and helpful for quality control of essential oil ofplants of the genus of Curcuma and their injection. This research is according to "the technology request of fingerprint research of Chinese traditional medicine injection" and "the guide of manipulation regulations of chromatography fingerprint examination of Chinese traditional medicine injection". In the course of research, the extract method (steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction) and the analysis condition of gas chromatograph- mass spectrum was optimized respective, optimum extraction procedure and optimum determination condition were obtained. In the base of research of a large amount of samples which collected different places and different species, we use gas chromatograph- mass spectrum to establish the method of fingerprint analysis on volatile oils of Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. which collected in Shuangliu city of Sichuan province, Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling which collected in Ruian city of Zhejiang province and Curcumae longae which collected in Sichuan province. At the same time, we established their Mutual fingerprint by using the similarity calculation software of Chinese herbal fingerprint designed by Research Center of Modernization of Chinese Herbal Medicines of Central South University. At the same time, the quantitative analysis of borneol, Isoborneol and curcumol was established by using n-dodecane as standard, and processed methodology review. Then, borneol, Isoborneol and curcumol from 10 samples of Holy Journer (health protector for females) Foamy Preparation were analyzed by this method of quantitative. This study is very useful and helpful for controlling quality of Curcuma genus and its preparation. In the person of collectivity and complexity, the fingerprint analysis for the quality evaluation of the extractof Curcuma phaeocaulis Val. was established by the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Above fingerprints research will be very useful and helpful for controlling the quality of essential oil of plants of the genus of Curcuma and their injection.2. Curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin are activities fractions of Curcuma genus, and the amount of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin infect directly the operation of pharmacology. Using the extraction efficiency of three curcumins from Curcuma genus as indexes, the optimum extraction procedure were reviewed from extract solvent, extract method and extract time, and confirmed the best extraction procedure. The quantitative analysis of three curcumins by HPLC-DAD was established and used to determine medicinal materials of curcuma genus. It's found that Rhizoma Curcumae longae has the highest amount of three cumcumins in curcuma genus, and Rhizoma Curcumae and Radix Curcumae have lower amount of three cumcumins. In the interest of comprehending if extract of plants of Curcuma genus have other compounds except three curcumins, we analyze the extract of plants of Curcuma genus by using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). It is found that the extract of Rhizoma Curcumae longae has only three curcumins, and the extract of Rhizoma Curcumae has three curcumins and other compounds such as curzerenone and curcumenol.3. For the studying deeply curcuma genus plants, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin curzerenone and curcumenol were separated from Rhizoma Curcumae longae and Rhizoma Curcumae.These compounds structure have been identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrum. At same time, anti-tumor study of these above compounds and some other essential oils from curcuma genus has been processed, and demonstrated that curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin curzerenone, curcumenol and some other essential oils from curcuma genus could restrained distinctly the growth of carcinoma of endometrium and hepatocarcinoma. This research demonstrates that the essential oils of the plants from curcuma genus and their active compounds such as curzerenone and curcumenol are very important for pharmaceutical industries.Estimation system of the quality of the essential oils of the plants from curcuma genus and their injection has been established, and their anti-tumor active has been studied deeply by this research. It's very helpful for planting, exploiting, utilizing and quality controlling of the plants of curcuma genus. However, the disquisition of the fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicine depends on elementary exploring step. The investigation of the fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicine will come into high step if fingerprints data self-contained comparatively and mathematics model reasonable comparatively can be obtained. We have to progress relativity study of fingerprints characteristic concern with medicine effect and biology equivalent study of fingerprints so that the quality estimation of traditional Chinese medicine reflect unalloyed the security and effect of drugs.
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