Effects Of Different Magnitudes Of Mechanical Strain On Biological Characteristics Of Osteoblasts In Vitro

Orthodontic tooth movement is result from periondontal tissue remodeling induced by mechanical strain, moving in a certain direction.As biological hard tissue, alveolar bone undertake bone remodeling by orthodontic force, osteoblasts and osteoclasts are specialized cells responsible for this process. For this reason, to investigate biological characteristics of osteoblasts under mechanical strain is the key factor about orthodontic bone remodeling. Being sensitive to stress and coming from multipotential mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts are responsible for formation of bone matrix and calcification and play important roles in the process of bone formation. Osteoblasts secrete alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) which increase intercellular connection and message transmission. Recently, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-KB ligand (RANKL) have been shown to play very important roles in bone remodeling. OPG is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family and a soluble decoy receptor against RANKL. It is produced by osteoblasts and has been found to be a key-factor in the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and activation. In...