| Agricultural non-point source pollution is the main source of water pollution in China. Massive chemical fertilizer application is the main cause of Chinese agricultural non-point source pollution. Therefore, the control of non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application is crucial to the relief of agricultural non-point source pollution, the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture, and the construction of a socialist new countryside.The non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application derives from exceptionally large amount of use and low technical efficiency of chemical fertilizer. However, only few systematic studies exist on the factors resulting in low technical efficiency and know-how of solving the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application. Therefore, following critical issues is investigated empirically in this thesis based on national and international associated theories and research achievement.(1) Which factors determine the technical efficiency of farmer's fertilization in China? What are the effects of the current agricultural policy on the technical efficiency of farmer'fertilization in China?(2) Which extents of the willingness to accept do farmers have to face the policy against the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application?(3) What are the technical results of the soil testing for formulated fertilization, a currently promoting environmental-friendly technology in China? Which factors impact on current farmer's adoptive behavior of the soil testing for formulated fertilization in China?Following main conclusions can be drawn from works on the above three issues.1) The change of price for chemical fertilizer, the level of farmers'income, the transfer of rural labor, and the farming scale have positive effect on the technical efficiency of fertilizer application; low efficiency of technical support from the Chinese agriculture extension system is an important reason in impeding the efficiency improvement. Agricultural policies which inhibit the inflation of agricultural materials may not promote the technical efficiency of farmer's fertilization, while the ones that increase farmer's income and encourage the circulation of farmer's land and appropriate size of operation produce a favorable role in promoting technical efficiency.2) Technical support policy belongs to the farmer's most favorable countermeasure policy against the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application.3) Currently promoting environmental-friendly technology increases farmer's income and lowers the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application. The age of farmer, the proportion of agricultural income, the area of farmer's land, the distribution form of farmer's contracted land, understanding of the technology, concept of fertilization, technical availability have effects on farmer's adoptive behavior of the soil testing for formulated fertilization. Among them, low efficiency of technical support from the agriculture extension system is one of the main causes in preventing farmer's adoptive behavior.In all, our work, in the first time1) Utilize Stochastic Frontier Production Function to measure the technical efficiency of fertilizer application in wheat and corn planting, analyze the impact factors on the technical efficiency, and explore the possible mechanism of forming the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application.2) Employ choice experiments to investigate the design of countermeasure policy against the non-point source pollution from agricultural fertilizer application based on farmer's willingness to accept.3) Use Bivariate Probit model to study the factors that affect farmer's adoptive behavior to the soil testing for formulated fertilization; explore the effect of environment policy on farmer's production behavior.
|
PDF Full Text Request