| Scientific and technological progress as well as the great improvement of social productive forces promote the rapid social development, at the same time bring lots of global ecological issues such as population increase, shortage of resources, environmental pollution and ecological damage, all that threaten the future of mankind's survival and development. And the ecological environment security, as an important component of national security, has been a global concern. Therefore, we must work hard to seek a path of sustainable development on which population, resources, environment and economy can coordinate with each other. The ecological control is an effective way to ensure the sustainable development. The previous researches on eco-control were only used in the research on the population and community, such as the control of the insects and pests using their living habits and other characteristics. The research of eco-control in the fields of ecological environment planning and construction is still in the stage of exploration, without clear definition of the concepts and a system of theory, method and technology. In this way, the research on the theory and method of the eco-control in the ecological environment planning and construction appears to be urgent and necessary.The rapid development of the world economy and quick urbanization make more acute contradiction between people and land. Resources have become a bottleneck of economic development. So the development and utilization of resources of island away from the mainland has won government's broad attention. Compared with the mainland, islands are more often to be threatened by the surrounding waters area and with more natural disasters, leading to the high vulnerability of the landscape ecosystems and high sensitivity to the natural and human disturbance. At the same time, because of the isolation of its geographical location and the limited resources make most islands in a relatively underdeveloped economy. However blind development and construction of the island will lead to the vulnerable island ecosystem degradation as well as threaten the ecological security. Currently, the researches of ecological environment on the island mainly focus on the island resources survey and analysis, while the research on the human disturbance on the development and construction of the island as well as the ecological environment security are of the less.The external transportation corridors system is the bottleneck of the island's economic development. As a long-distance and large-scale artificial landscape, it also has an irreversible far-reaching impact on the surrounding ecological environment, seriously threatening the ecological environment security, while cutting the ecological environment. Expressway, as a strong disturbance artificial corridor system, the best transportation corridor for economic development, along with its fast speed, long distance, huge traffic flow, high strength and far radiation, has enormous impact on the ecological environment security. Most previous studies concern the physical structure of corridor system itself as well as monitoring, effects and assessment of the environmental factors, but they were often no-systematic local studies or take a macro ecological planning while mostly confined to the ideal state with low-operabilityFor such a country with huge demands for resources on the fast urbanization process, the research on the eco-control theory and methods of the strong disturbance artificial corridor system's construction in accordance with the island's background and characteristics of regional ecological environment security is in an urgent need. It has an important theoretical and practical significance not only for the development of island ecosystem, protection and use of littoral zone but for the development of the island ecosystem theory.This study highlights the island regional background, strategic security perspective as well as the eco-control theory, that is, under the regional background of the island ecosystems, we studied the eco-control theory, methods, technology and engineering in the perspective of ecological environment security strategy for the construction of strong disturbance artificial corridor system. Major achievements include theories and engineering:1) Defined the connotation and attribute of the concept of eco-control in the process of ecological environment construction, and established the concept model of eco-control.2)Put forward the eco-control theory for the construction of the strong disturbance artificial corridor system in an island ecosystem, that is, the ecological objectives control, the strategic background control, the integrated and systemic control, the planning and design control, the content and process control, the technology and engineering control. This study established a systematic theory through the life cycle and engineering techniques of the ecological environment construction.3)Put forward the eco-control technologies and engineering system of the strong interference artificial corridor system construction in the island's ecosystem: modern geography space control technology of Information superimposition and buffer analysis , the goal and strategy control technology of islands eco-vulnerability and security assessment, the plan and systemic control technology of indentation and choice for eco-nodes, The comprehensive and integrated technology of content and the process control consisting the technology disposing of pollution and the risk accidents by artificial wetlands and the microorganism system, the landscape plan technology for the islands eco-security, the side slope restore and so on , the management and decision-making control technology of evaluating index system and early warning, the control technology of connecting theory with practice by scenario design and implementation .4) Creatively proposed the technology of the identification and selection for eco-nodes: definition, identification, choosing, and control.5) Proposed the methods definition the boundary of strong disturbance corridor system, and the eco- security assessment indicator system (DPSRC) was constructed according to the model of "the goal -cause - result -control" for the corridor construction in the island ecosystem.6)taking the construction of Chong-Qi highway corridor system crossing the Chongming island of Shanghai as a case, after constructing the evaluating indicator system of island ecological environment vulnerability , this paperassessment the region background of corridor system --Chongming island'senvironmental safety, supported by Arcmap9.1,a GIS software , the results indicated that the ecol-vulnerability of Chongming island ecosystem-types from high to low in turn is forest land > mudflat > water system > farmland > building area.7) Based on the results, the disturbance mechanism of the corridor was analyzed; the boundary of the corridor ecosystem was ascertained. And route plan scenario was selected according to the results of the shortest path cost analysis aided by Arcmap9.1.8)The corridor system's pressure -state- response mechanism was studied, And supported by the GIS buffer analysis and the spatial interpolation parsing techniques, the eco-control nodes of Chong-Qi highway corridor system were choose ,which were all 14 ones with 3 grades including the primitive shallow seas and tidelands wetland area located in both sides of the k29, Beihu wetland scenic area located in k29-k31, the intersection point (k8)between Beihengyinghe river and Chong-Qi highway corridor, Xianghua and Shuniu intercommunication, Chenjia town community (k0-k7) as well as the intersection points between main rivers(Puzhengang,Sixiao,Liuxiao,Qixiao,Baxiao,Huapiao,Huizhong) and so on ,and the corresponding control engineering and technology of node were proposed .9)the comprehensive and integrated eco-control technology system for Chong-Qi corridor system were constructed ,which including the eco-landscape planning technology, the artificial wetland and microorganism technology for surface runoff and the risk accident , eco-restoration technology for side slope, resisting noise technology as well as related road surface engineering,bridges and buildings etc.10) based on two kind of scales of island and corridor, according to the "DPSRC" model, the eco-security evaluating indicator system was constructed corridor construction, joined with a mathematic model, the eco-security assessment for the construction of Chong-Qi corridor system was carried out, the result indicated that the comprehensive eco-security index of Chongming islands ecosystem is 0.7809 with the construction of strong disturbance corridor, which showed that the safety level of Chongming islands ecosystem is the 4th grade(0.75-0.9) , whole safety with some risks ,and the warning colour is light blue ,the risk is early warning condition, and the value would be 0.5836 without eco-control but the normal response ,belonging to the 2nd warning grade(0.45-0.60) , warning colour is yellow, unsafe, the security reduces 25.27%, which explained the importance of eco-control.11) Based on the synthesis eco-control theory and methods as well as the related achievements of assessment and spatial analysis, the eco-security early warning information system for the corridor system construction in island ecosystem was constructed. |
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