MIF -173G/C Polymorphism And The Risk Of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia And In A Chinese Population

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common cancer in children, occurring in approximately 4 in 100000 per year. There are about 15000 new patients in China each year. The specific cause has not been known now. Childhood ALL are the results of interaction between gene and environment, as well as other cancers.Child-specific sensitivity can play an important role in response to environmental toxicants. And this response has also been related to their parents'exposure around conception. There are seldom large-scale case-control research in domestic and oversea, large-scale epidemiologic survey around the risk factors should been performed. We did a case-control study included 233 cases and 380 controls in Jiangsu and Anhui province. Questionnaire including children healthy data, parents data, environmental correlation agent and family medical history had been designed. Univariate and multivariate regression were employed to evaluate the relation between the childhood ALL and these factors. The research found that subjects living without parents, with immature labor, unspontaneous delivery, biocide exposure, paternal alcohol exposure, action-exposure, house painting and chemical exposure were more in the cases than in the controls (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis also revealed that living without parents, with immature labor, biocide exposure, paternal alcohol exposure, and house painting were risk factor.Only minority can get ill under the same exposure because of individual difference (genetic variation), recently study show that there exit predisposing genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. SNPs is the most common variation in these predisposing genes. These gene polymorphisms included metabolism genes CYP, GST, NAT, MTHFR and NQO; DNA repair geneXRCC1; membrane transport gene (MDR1); cell cycle module CCND1, HLA-DR and genes related to mediators of inflammation may contribute to the risk of childhood ALL.Genes and their protein related to mediators of inflammation may play more important role in the development of childhood ALL. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has recently been defined as a novel pro-tumorigenic factor that promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The MIF-173C allele results in increased MIF promoter activity and is associated with a high serum MIF level. We hypothesized that this polymorphism may contribute to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility. We genotyped the MIF -173G/C polymorphism (rs755622) in 346ALL cases and 516 cancer-free controls in a Chinese population and found that the variant genotype GC and the combined genotypes GC/CC were associated with a significant higher risk of childhood ALL [adjusted odds ratio (OR) =1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI=1.01-1.93) for GC and adjusted OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.01-1.89 for GC/CC]. In addition, we found that the increased risk was more pronounced among high-risk ALL and B-phenotype ALL patients. Our results suggest that the MIF-173G/C polymorphism is involved in the etiology of childhood ALL and is potential candidate gene for determining cancer susceptibility. Further validations in other populations are warranted.We draw conclusion that multiple factors can cause childhood ALL, among which living without parents, with immature labor, biocide exposure, paternal alcohol exposure, and house painting are more significant. Our results suggest that the MIF-173G/C polymorphism are involved in the etiology of childhood ALL and is potential candidate gene for determining cancer susceptibility. Further study should do on other population.