1. Relation Between Promoter Methylation Of P73, MGMT Gene And Urinary Epithelia Carcinoma Of The Bladder 2. Clinical Study Of Retroperitoneoscopic Surgery For Treatment Of Adrenal Cysts

Objective To investigate the expresion of p73 gene and MGMT gene in urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder and the relationship between the expression and clinical pathological characteristics.Methods Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of p73 protein and mRNA and MGMT protein and mRNA in 60 urinary epithelia carcinoma tumor tissue. Correlations of the expression of p73 and MGMT gene to clinicopathologic parameters were statistically analyzed.Results Under the immunohistochemistry study, the positive rate of P73 protein expression in urinary epithelia carcinoma was 38.3% (23/60), which was obviously lower than that in paracarcinoma tisue(78.3%,47/60) and normal bladder tisue(86.7%,13/15) ( p<0.01). Furthermore, protein expresion of P73 was significantly correcated with pathological grade of cancers (p<0.05). And statistical significance was also found between the expresion of p73 and clinical stage of the cancers (p<0.05). The positive rate of MGMT protein expression in urinary epithelia carcinoma was 35.0%, which was obviously lower than that in paracarcinoma tissue (76.7%) and normal bladder tissue (86.7%). Furthermore, the positive rate of MGMT protein expression in G3 ,which was 11.8%, was also lower than that in G1~2 (44.2%). But there was no statistical significance found between the expression of MGMT and clinical stage of urinary epithelia carcinoma; Under the RT-PCR study, the positive rate of p73 mRNA expression in urinary epithelia carcinoma was 53.4%, which was obviously lower than that in paracarcinoma tissue and normal bladder tissue. And the expression of p73 mRNA was significantly decreased in G3 stage tumor, which was 17.6%, to G1~2 stage tumor. And there was also found statistical significance between the expression of p73 mRNA and clinical stage of urinary epithelia carcinoma. The positive rate of MGMT mRNA expression in urinary epithelia carcinoma was 38.3%, which was obviously lower than that in paracarcinoma tissue and normal bladder tissue. And the expression of MGMT was significantly decrease in G3 stage tumor, which was 17.6%, to lower ones. But there was also no statistical significance found between the expression of MGMT mRNA and clinical stage of urinary epithelia carcinoma.Conclusions p73 gene and MGMT gene may play important role in carcinogenesis and differentiation of transitional carcinoma of the bladder. Therefore the expresion of p73 and MGMT could be one of prognostic indicator of urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder. Objective To detect the promoter methylation of p73 gene and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder and vein blood samples, analyze the relationship between p73 and MGMT promoter methylation and their protein expression, and also biological behaviour of bladder cancer.Methods Promoter methylation of p73 and MGMT gene was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in 60 samples of urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder and vein blood and 15 normal bladder tissue samples. Correlations of the aberrant methylation of p73 and MGMT Promoter to clinicopathologic parameters were statistically analyzed.Results The positive rate of p73 promoter methylation were 43.3% (26/60) in urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder and 40.0% (24/60) in vein blood, which was obviously higher than that in normal bladder tissue (0.0%, 0/15), p<0.01. A significantly relationship was found between the aberrant methylation of p73 and its protein expression, p<0.05; The positive rates of p73 promoter methylation in high-grade and low-grade urothelia carcinoma was different, p<0.05. And statistical significance was also found between the positive rates of p73 and clinical stage of the cancers (p<0.05). In the same time, the positive rate of MGMT promoter methylation were 45.0% (27/60) in urinary epithelia carcinoma and 40.0% (24/60) in vein blood, which was obviously higher than that in normal bladder tissue (0.0%, 0/15), p<0.01. A significantly relationship was found between the aberrant methylation of MGMT and its protein expression, p<0.05. Furthermore, the positive rates of MGMT promoter methylation in high-grade and low-grade urothelia carcinoma was different, p<0.05. But no statistical significance was found between the MGMT promoter methylation and clinical stage of bladder cancer. Conclusions p73 gene and MGMT gene promoter hypermethylation play important role in carcinogenesis and differentiation of bladder urothelia carcinoma, which could be one of prognostic indicator of urinary epithelia carcinoma of bladder. Objective To evaluate the operative methods and clinical significance of retroperito- neoscopic operation for adrenal cysts.Methods Clinical data of 27 patients with adrenal cyst treated by retroperitoneoscopic operations in our hospital From March 2000 to July 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. After the retroperitoneal space was dilated, the perinephric fascia was opened longitudinally near the diaphragm. The three non-vascular space relatively around the adrenal gland were dissected, Then 21 cases performed partial adrenalectomy and 7 cases total adrenalectomy.Results All the operations were successfully conducted. The mean operative time was 35.1±11.6 min, the mean blood loss was 27.9±13.6 ml, and the mean hosp ital stay was 4.3±1.8 d. No postoperative comp lications were seen after operation, and follow - up for 12～36 months in all the patients found no recurrence. Conclusions Retroperitoneoscopic operation can be used as the standard treatment of adrenal cyst surgical.