Studies On A New Exhaled Breath Condensate Collection Apparatus Making And Its Clinical Applications

Disease of respiratory system is frequent damaging human health. That is a difficult problem for respiratory disease diagnose which how to collect sample that can reflect the change of respiratory tract inflammation. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) examination is a non-invasive method for studying the composition of airway lining fluid. It is safety, credible, simple for detecting respiratory tract inflammation and can reflect the change of lung dynamics by continuous collecting EBC. There is a vital applied worth for EBC in dynamics inspecting respiratory tract inflammation and evaluating drug curative effect .To make a new exhaled breath condensate collection apparatus that can monitoring expired air flow velocity in this studying which was base on EBC detection theory and the surveying for in and abroad EBC collection apparatus. To collect EBC using this apparatus and to examine mediators of inflammation in EBC so that can evaluate the change of oxidative stress and inflammation for manifold disease of respiratory system.The exhaled breath condensate collection apparatus components include Renewable Air Intake, Type size--Crosses tube or block saliva bushing with unilateral trap, respiratory Air Flow Sensor, temperature Sensor, test tube with plunger, and cooling system. The new EBC collection apparatus with block saliva bushing and respiratory air flow sensor increase the varacity and repeatability of EBC detection by control minute ventilation and reduce saliva stain.To collect EBC of 20 healthy objectives with the EBC collection apparatus,and to study the effect of total respired volume, breath tube, EBC comdensation temperature, collection time, breathing pattern on EBC volume. To study the effect of breathing pattern, EBC comdensation temperature, breath tube, EBC hold time on detection for pH , NO and H2O2. Some results show:(1) There was relation between total respired volume and EBC volume; (2) EBC volume collected by EBC collection apparatus with block saliva bushing is fewer significantly than collected by EBC collection apparatus without block saliva bushing;(3) EBC comdensation temperature is no effect on EBC collection volume; (4)EBC collection volume is elevated with collection time extend; (5)EBC volume collected by nasal inhalation is more significantly than collected by oral inhalation.The reslut for EBC pH , NO and H2O2 show: (1) there is significant different in EBC pH , NO and H2O2 betweent nasal inhalation and oral inhalation. The pH of EBC collection by nasal inhalation is lower significantly than collected by oral inhalation; The NO and H2O2 level of EBC collection by nasal inhalation is higher significantly than collected by oral inhalation. (2) There is no differnet in pH of EBC between with and without block saliva bushing;but the H2O2 and NO level is higher in EBC collected without block saliva bushing than that with. (3) EBC condensation temperature is no effect on EBC pH and NO detection, but the H2O2 level is gradual decline with EBC condensation temperature elevating. (4) EBC pH is not alter when prolong the EBC store time within 48h,but and H2O2 and NO level is gradual decline when prolong the EBC store time within 48h.Base on above result,the more option collecting EBC method by this apparatus is :the EBC comdensation temperature is -15℃;the EBC collection time is 15 minutes ;EBC collection apparatus breath tube with block saliva bushing;the breathing pattern is oral inhalation.To collect the EBC of 20 asthma and 20 COPD patients and to detect pH , NO and H2O2 in the EBC. These results show:(1) PH in EBC of asthma and COPD is lower than normal health group, After treatment pH in EBC of asthma and COPD is elevated; (2) NO and H2O2 level in EBC of asthma and COPD is higher than normal health group, after treatment NO and H2O2 level in EBC of asthma and COPD is declined; (3) There is correlative between EBC pH and FEV1 , FEV1% ,FEV1/FVC in asthma patients , there is correlative between NO of EBC and VT in COPD patients ,but there is not correlative between H2O2 of EBC and lung function parameter in asthma and COPD patients. (4) There is significant correlative between NO of EBC and H2O2 of EBC in asthma and COPD patient. There is a conclusion obtained from above reslut that pH and NO and H2O2 of EBC can as a biological marker for diagnose and therapeutical assession of asthma and COPD.This apparatus can easily and availablely collect EBC.The mediators of inflammation in EBC can be examined and take on a difference between patients and normal subjects. EBC mediators can use as biochemical indicator for judging disease occurrence and developing.We ulteriorly study in the usefulness of EBC in determining lung inflammatory response. Examination of EBC can be potentially used as a single, non-invasive sampling method for point-of-care real-time analyzing pulmonary pathological and physiological change.