Microbial Transformation Of Ginsenoside And Its Anti-tumor Activity

According to the model medicine and pharmacological research, ginsenosides have many functions such as immunoregulation, cholesterol-lowing in serum, taking precautions against cardiovascular diseases and reducing inflammation and so on. Especially, ginsenoside monomers, such as Rg3, Rh2, have wonderful anti-tumor activity. However, the contents of these ginsenoside monomers are extraordinarily rare in ginseng and even these ginsenoside monomers are not involved in some kinds of ginseng and the absorptivity in human body is very low. In addition, high prices of these ginsenoside monomers will limit clinical applications. At present, ginsenosides can not be totally synthesized by chemical methods and the monomers can only be separated from ginseng with complicated methods. With the development of biotechnology, biotransformation can be applied to produce the ginsenosides so as to improve the contents and enhance the bioavailability by ginsenoside biotransformation. In this study, biotransformation is used to transform ginsenosides by screening many kinds of microbes and determining the transformation products with TLC and HPLC methods. The experimental results showed that separated YS-7 from soil and already-existed KL-1 had favorable transforming ability to the ginsenosides.Secondly, after dealing with the transformed products, we investigated in vitro activity of ginseng on immune system in mice. In in vitro cytotoxic experiments of Colon26-M3.1 carcinoma, fermentation products of dried ginseng(gKL-1-gKL-4) showed higher cytotoxicity than that of fresh ginseng(xKL-1-xKL-4). Activity of macrophages and cytokine determination demonstrated that the drugs can inhibit tumor metastasis and promote proliferation of hematogenous cells.Thirdly, fermented ginseng was investigated for its preventive effects on tumor metastasis and inhibitory effects on S180 tumor in mice by intraperitoneal injection or oral administration. The weights of S180 tumor, spleens and pancreas were measured and the results showed that fermented ginseng FYS-7 appeared good inhibitive effects on tumor. The tumor growth inhibition rates were 53.03%,34.51% and 27.67% in high-, middle-and low-dose groups, respectively. The data showed that the high dose fermented ginseng had the strongest inhibitive effects on S180 tumor. In middle-and high-dose groups, the spleens and pancreas were close to normal group, demonstrating that fermented ginseng can inhibit the growth of S180 tumor of mice.Fourthly,16S rDNA sequencing of biologically transformed high performance strain YS-7 were performed. According to the sequencing results, rootless phylogenetic trees were constructed, and combining with morphological results, strain YS-7 was analyzed as Streptomyces.Finally, oral administration of fermented ginseng FYS-7 could stimulate Peyer's patch of immune system. And administration of xKL-1 and 500 ug/ml of FYS-7 was most profitable for proliferation of Peyer's patch. Meanwhile, it had the strongest effect of activation on immune response. In a word, the aim of this paper was to select good strains to develop the biological metabolism of ginseng and provide scientific evidence for developing the health and functional food and relieving patients'pain.