The Facial Wrinkle Scale And Related Studies Of Chinese Women

The aging process of the skin can be divided into two independent biologically and clinically distinct processes, chronological aging and photo-aging. The two process overlap on the facial skin. Wrinkles are deeper than primary lines. The only concrete attempt to precisely define the term'wrinkle'can be attributed to Griffiths:an extension of the skin perpendicular to the axis of the wrinkle leaves a marked line representing the bottom of the wrinkle. Despite the variety of clinical characteristics of facial skin aging, wrinkles are considered one of the most representative manifestations. With increasing demand for facial rejuvenation, there has been increasing research on wrinkle prevention or treatment. This shift points to the need for objective evaluation of their effectiveness. The methods for evaluating skin age can be divided into direct evaluating systems (including clinical grading systems and mechanical measurements) and indirect evaluating systems (including silicone impression and computer software analysis). Among them, the clinical grading system is more widely used and the easiest to perform, making it particularly valuable in practice. Many scoring and scaling systems for assessing facial wrinkles have been reported are classified as descriptive grading scales, photographic grading scales and visual analogue scales. However, there no'gold standard'and all of the aforementioned research has been based on Caucasian populations. It is generally recognized that Caucasians and Asians have different skin aging features. There are differences in the classification of crow's feet too. Despite the number of published scoring systems for assessing wrinkles for facial skin areas, not one was based on Chinese individuals. Also there is no previous research on the classification of crow's feet patterns among Asian women.This epidemiology survey-based study is an attempt to develop a facial wrinkle scoring system not only for the daily purposes, but also for an objective, quantitative clinical grading scale for evaluating the severity of facial wrinkles. According to the result of survey, the crow's feet pattern among Chinese was described. The related effective factors of facial wrinkle was also analyzed.Section I Developing a grading scale for facial wrinklesTo develop a wrinkle scale, standard photographs were taken and quantitative measurement methods were used. For this study, six sets of wrinkle scale with reference photographs and describe were selected, including grading scale for resting and hyperkinetic crow's feet and frontalis lines, glabellar frowns lines and nasolabial folds. To test the reliability and validity of our wrinkle scale, agreement evaluation for multi-rater methods were used. After "training," nine dermatologists rated 48 images that were selected from the 242 subjects based on quality and equal distribution across each of the four facial regions. The assessments were performed on 2 consecutive days and began within 1 hour immediately following the training. The score shows good intra-and inter-observer agreement.Sectionâ…¡Analysis Of Crow's Feet Patterns Among Chinese WomenTo analyze the patterns of crow's feet lines in the lateral canthal region of Chinese women, SIA0612 image analyzer was used to take standardized photos. Lateral canthal lines was quantitative measured by Visioscan VC98 (CK Electronic Gmb H, Germany). Demographic characteristics and skin aging related risk factors were surveyed by questionnaire. The difference between women who worked outdoors versus those who worked indoors was compared. Results showed that the crow's feet patterns were not age-related. The most common pattern, found in outdoors women workers, IV, is the least common pattern in indoors women workers. Sun exposure during early adulthood take a role as effective factor. Botox injection should follow the pattern of the wrinkles.Section III Analysis of factors related to female facial wrinklesTo investigate the characteristics of cosmetics, sun protection, and skin photo-aging in Chinese women, related factors of facial wrinkle were analyzed. Results showed that at the age from 12 years old to 18 years old the rate of sunscreen use was low (13.5%); at the age from 19 years old to 29 years old it was 38.5%; in the latest 5 years it was 44.1%. The skin texture, age and order of appearance of facial wrinkle, and the age of appearance of pigmentation change in outdoor group and indoor group were significantly different.