Needle-knife Lysis Method On The Antioxidant Capacity Of Frozen Shoulder Rabbit Model

Frozen shoulder, which is also called Adhesive capsulitis or painful stiff shoulder, is characterised by spontaneous onset of shoulder pain accompanied by progressive stiffness and disability. It is usually self-limiting but often has a prolonged course. is a common and frequently occurring disease for the middle-aged and elderly. At present its specific pathogenesis is unknown.ObjectiveFrozen shoulder has three pathological stages, clinical studies suggest that the treatment effect of acupotomy is better in the adhesion stage. However, we believe that the therapy also can interrupt the pathological process of periarthritis, so the early use of acupotomy could shorten the course of frozen shoulder and reduce the patient suffering. In this study, the intervention effects of acupotomy were observed, through the organization of morphological and biochemical methods in order to seek the pathogenesis of frozen shoulder and the onset mechanism of acupotomy.Methods48 male New Zealand rabbits which were 6±0.5 months old, each weighing 2.5±0.5kg were selected. The rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups:Normal group, model group, electroacupuncture group, acupotomy group A (pain stage of intervention), acupotomy group B (stiffness stage of intervention) only, acupotomy group C (pain and stiffness stage of joint intervention). Each group has 8 animals. Application of ice application plus strain was used to prepare the frozen shoulder rabbit models, acupotomy groups were underwent acupuncture therapy, electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture treatment, the normal group and model group had non-intervention, and all the groups were raised under the same conditions for 33 days. The plasma, biceps, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus muscle were taken to observe the malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity; the beginning of the biceps tendon to the far side of the tendon and the synovium were taken to observe the pathological changes by the light microscope after HE staining.Results 1 The levels of MDA, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity in the plasma and the muscle tissue showed that the model group, the MDA level of the model group generally higher than the normal group, EA group, acupotomy group A, acupotomy group B, acupotomy group C, and had most significant differences compared with the model group; superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity determination were generally lower than the normal group, EA group, acupotomy group A, acupotomy group B, acupotomy group C.2 The pathological examination showed Normal Group:synovial:more than 1 layer of synovial cells,and some parts have seen 2 to 3 layers, folds higher in the synovial cells up to 5 to 6 layers. The deep structure of synovial cells was loose and showed few capillary. Tendon:the outer membrane of connective tissue was surrounded by the most outer epithelial cell layer of 1 to 2 cubic cells arranged in neat rows, tendon fibers were arranged regularly.Model Group:synovial:synovial cells mostly 1 to 2 layers, more capillaries, erythrocyte sedimentation. Tendon:irregular arrangement of epithelial cells of the outer membrane, epithelial cells were increased up to 4 to 5 layers, epithelial deep down fiber increased, dense structure. Synovium and tendon were no significant infiltration of inflammatory cells.EA group:the basic arrangement of synovial cells with normal group. Tendon of the outer membrane (tendon sheath visceral) epithelial cells, but less than the model group, mostly 2 to 3 layers. Subepithelial connective tissue was more dense.Acupotomy group A:the same pathological changes with the basic electro-acupuncture group.Acupotomy group B:the same pathological changes with the basic electro-acupuncture group.Acupotomy group C:the same pathological changes with the basic electro-acupuncture group, while one case was seen significantly increased synovial plicae, synovial subepithelial fibers arranged in dense, visible in the tendon fibers arranged in irregular, some parts, tendon cells increased, but also shows infiltration of inflammatory cells.Conclusion1 The occurrence of the frozen shoulder in rabbit model could have closely relations to the balance between the reactive oxygen species and antioxidant, the damage and repair capacity. The theory can explain the incidence and pathological mechanisms of frozen shoulder properly2 Acupotomy can improve the tissue injury of frozen shoulder rabbit model and free radical scavenging capacity and adjust the level of TGF-β1, which may play a role in the mechanism of Acupotomy.3 There was no significant difference in the pathological tissue among the three intervention groups of Acupotomy, this result shows that the application of Acupotomy in the early stage of frozen shoulder can shorten the course.