Studies On Chemical Constituents And Biological Activites Of Bambusa Pervariabilis McClure Leaves

Bambusa pervariabilis McClure is one of very useful bamboo species widely distributed in South China. Synonym:YouZhu, BaimeiZhu, HuameiZhu. The bamboo-leaf was collected relevant for traditional Chinese medicine by "Chinese Materia Medica" and "Guangxi Medicinal Plants". To promote China's abundant bamboo resources and the comprehensive development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine, The research of Bambusa pervariabilis McClure as material, through the traditional extraction and modern methods about identification of chemical separation methods, the compounds isolated the identification of the specific findings are as follows:(1) Extracting compounds from Bambusa pervariabilis McClure leaves with 95% ethanol cold soak extract method. Extraction was purified by AB-8 macroporous absorption resin. Then 20% ethanol, 40% ethanol, 60% ethanol, 80% ethanol and acetine eluted respectively. The elution were isolated by Sephadex LH-20, GX-281 High Voltage HPLC Separate system and Sepacore low-pressure HPLC Separate system. 30 compounds were isolated from Bambusa pervariabilis McClure. On the basis of physic-chemical characters and spectroscopic analysis such as UV IR, NMR and MS, 30 compounds were identified as: 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-C-β-L-arabinosyl flavonoside(1), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-C-β-D-glucop-yranosyl flavonoside(2), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(3), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl flavonoside(4), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-8-C-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl flavonoside(5), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-5-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(6), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(7), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-O-β-D-gluco-se-anhydridosyl flavonoside(8), 2,3,5,7-trihydroxy-xanthone(9), physcion(10), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy flavonoside(11), Sitosterol(12), Bamboo lignan I(13), Bamboo lignan II(14), Ba-mboo lignan III(15), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8-C-β-D-glucose-α-L-rhamnosyl flavonoside(16), 5,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-7-O[β-D-apiose-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(17), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(18), Triperpenoids(19), 7,2'-dihydro-xy-3',4'-dimethylisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(20), 7,8-Dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H -pyran-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one(22), 2'-hydroxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-4'-O-β-D-api-osyl hydroxychalcone(23), 6-methoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-chromen(24), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-O-β-L-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(25), 7-hydroxy-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl flav-anone(26), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-flavonoside(27), 3,5,7,3',4'-polyhydroxy flavonoside(28),7-hy-droxy-6-methoxy-chromen(29), 5,4'-trihydroxy-7-O-[β-D-apiose-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside(30).(2) By various chromatographic methods, which belong to flavonids, coumarin, lignans, Anthraquinones, Xanthones, Sterols, Triperpenoids and so on. Of which 19 flavonoids, 10 species were first isolated from bamboos found, including the flavanol, flavonone, chalcone. 5,4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxy-7-O[β-D-apiose-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl flavonoside is the first discovery of the new flavonoids. Lignan compounds in the past has never been found in Bambusoideae. Lignan compounds 13 and 14 were epimers which conformation differences mainly in the glucose-substituted chiral carbon in different positions, so causing chemical changes in the nature. Coumarin compounds had not seen reports in Bambusoideae in the past, the 7,8-Dihydroxy-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one is discovered a new compound for the first time. All the 30 compounds were firstly isolated from Bambusa pervariabilis McClure.(3) According to The People's Republic of China Pharmacopoeia (2005 edition), the standard method of extracting essential oil stays bamboo pole bamboo. In order to prevent loss of volatile components of which, gathering, dried, crushed, extracted in 7 days. Analysis of chemical composition of Bambusa pervariabilis McClure leaves by GC-MC results show that the major components of volatile oil bamboo leaves areβ-2-Hexenal, Cis-3-Hexenol, aromatic chemical constituents ofα-toluic aldehyde, 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol and terpenoid chemical composition of single-loopβ-citral,α,β-ionone and so on, with a total of 10 kinds of aromatic chemicals. Through the chemical composition of these 10 peak area normalization method analysis, which simulate the highest concentration of compoundβ-2-Hexenal (37.04%), 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol (33.65%), of which five kinds of terpenoids total content (22.45%), leaf alcohol (6.76%).(4) Of this study are 18 kinds of inorganic elements in the situation, in which elements with higher levels of overall trends in Ca(9085mg·kg-1); Mg(951.3mg·kg-1); Fe(227.9mg·kg-1); Mn(180.3mg·kg-1); Al(178.7mg·kg-1); Na(30.60 mg·kg-1); Zn(22.39 mg·kg-1); Cr(12.07mg·kg-1); Cu(6.169mg·kg-1); Ni(5.091mg·kg-1); remaining relatively low content of trace elements, Ca content was particularly prominent in the literature reported in more than 18 kinds of bamboo leaves content, belong to calcium bamboo leaves; Several pairs of harmful heavy metal elements, such as Cr, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, etc. are detected while, but its content is relatively low, taking into account Bambusa pervariabilisMcClure leaves as a decoction after boiling the leaching rate, so don't worry about the problem of heavy metal ions exceeded.(5) This study is based Bambusa pervariabilis McClure leaves isolated the three kinds of flavonoid compounds: apigenin-6-C-glucoside, luteolin-6-C-glucoside, and luteolin-6-C- arabinoside, inhibit of colon cancer tumor cell(HCT-8), lung tumor cell(A-549), epithelial-like liver cancer tumor cell(Bel-7402), inhibitory effect of screening can be seen: Three kinds of flavonoid compounds have a certain inhibitory effect in lung tumor cell(A-549). Its the best for the inhibitory effect of luteolin-6-C-arabinoside, the sample concentration of 50mg·L-1, its inhibitory rate reached 61.79 %, far higher than the other two flavonoids. Luteolin-6-C- arabinoside showed a better inhibition of tumor cell growth activity. Pairs of luteolin-6-C- arabinoside inhibition of lung cancer(A-549) tumor cells re-screening test can be seen that with increasing concentration of the sample, Luteolin-6-C-arabinoside inhibition of lung cancer tumor cell(A-549) IC50 value of 20.74mg·L-1, indicating luteolin-6-C-arabinoside to lung tumor cell (A-549) have a certain inhibitory effect.