Tang Dynasty On Behalf Of The North Soldier Groups

This paper is a case study about Daibei military group. And what group is Daibei military group?What role did they play in history? What can be see about the outlook of social and culture and relation in ethnic gtoups by their behaviors?Three aspects:group definition,group property and group behavior are disscussed.Group definition is composed of chapter 1.Daibei military group is a social groups that has double characteristics in geographical zone and professional field.Therefore,the definition about Daibei soldier involves two aspects:regin and occupation.Daibei soldier'regional range is the scope of Daibei.The word---aibei appeared in the pre-qin period.In that age,Daibei was a regional name that was defined by clear concept and fuzzy boundaries.Daibei has generalized and narrowed definition from the four aspects:historical geography,official systems,military traffic and culture.Generalized Daibei is located in the west of Heng Mountain,the east of the Yellow River,the north of the Yanmen Mountain in Dai state,and its northern boundary is not clear.The northern boundary of Daibei in narrow sense is limited to the area of Chanyu Duhu state,including:Xin,Dai,Lan,Shi,Shuo,Chanyu,Yun,Yu,Xian,Lin,Wu.Amongthem,theYun,Shuo,Y u and Chanyu states make up the core region of Daibei,the rest is the outskirts of it. The ccupational range of Daibei military group contains two aspects:the definition of military group and the composition of border defence system.Soldier is an interchangeable word between generals and soldiers.Daibei'border defence system can be divided in two stages:Dudu,Duhu,and Jiedushi,and its troop is composed of two groups soldiers that come from the system of state and country,Zhenshu,and Junzhen,and the system of Fubing of country.What is worth to say is the former is the main part of it.Group property is composed of chapter 2 to 5.So-called property is instinctive nature and features of things.Group property is group characteristics.As for the Group property of Daibei military group,the paper is going to develop in the following aspects:transfering of soldiers, group characteristics, national psychology,family life and religious beliefs,.Daibei soldier is a mobile group and movement is one of its natural properties. Daibei military group'character has three prominent features:loving and being good at fighting,despising the loyalty to the emperor and nation,and paying attention to intererst,simple and honest. The national consiousness and Confucianism is unconcerned. They can know the political situation of age,emphasize interest and look down on the difference of nation.They think a lot of faith to their friends and rather than to emperor and nation.They have own will,and have not national conpect.Their simple and faith characters refer to that at the end of the Tang Dynasty,the Li keyong group was loyal to empere in some sense,and the members was trust each other mainly.There is not contraiction between simple and faith and emphasizing to interest and despising faith.The former refers to the faith among friends and the truth between the chief of a tribe and his servants,and the latter refers to the faith to nation and emperor.Although they are similar in form and result,they have different cultural origin.The one is from the truth based on material benefits of Hu culture origin.The other is from the faith based on spiritual benefits of Han culture,which is beyond peronal interest. As the concept about Hua and Yi and national psychologys is concerned, Daibei military group express negative attitude to Yi impersonality from national and official angle,and positive attitude personality from regional and civilian angle. Daibei military group has itself characteristics in customs of marriage and funeral.There is a tendency in marriage,which is purposing the matching of spouse'family background,and flattering to powerful man.There is a kind of complexing mind,which is that they are fond of being away with countryside and going to urban area when they face with funeral custom or choice of burial area. There are a few utilitarianism in their religious beliefs.Group behivior is composed of capters 6 to 8.Its aim is investigating the role of Daibei military group in history. The impact of Daibei military group in politics and their role in history is macroscopic discussed in Chaper 6.The seventh and eighth chapters focus on behaves of Daibei military group microcosmically.According to the historical evolvement characteristics of history,this paper divides almost three hundred years history of the Tang Dynasty into two phases:peace period and chaos occasion.Peace period epuals to the time before and after the rebellion of An and Shi. Chaos occasion refers to the three speial periods:the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of Sui Dynasty,the rebellion of An and Shi,and the division of Fanzhen at the end of Tang Dynasty. Additional duties of Daibei military group besides conquest and defense, and their political behaves are studied in chapter 7. Taking the three rebellions of Liu wuzhou, Gao xiuyan and Li keyong as examples, the characteristics and its role of Daibei military group during the periods of chaos are investigated in chapter 8. In short,as the soldiers of natonal army,the political and military activites of Daibei military group did not deviate the lines of nation.In other words,it did not change the fact Daibei army was national army,and Daibei military group was national soldier.During peace time,the Rongdi ethos that came from Daibei military group is the mixing result of the social ethos,local environment and generals' quality,its property belongs to the category of military discipline.During chaos time,the result of Daibei military group'rebellions was in favour of the unity of nation.Daibei military group is not only a part of the national army but also a part of Daibei social,Its historical role includes defending the country,and the social and cultural functions that is advocating fashion of fighting and promoting the exchanges and cooperation of different ethnic groups.Taking Daibei soldier as an example, It is clear that Daibei is a "internationalization" area whose members come from different ethnic groups and defferent orgins.Hu and Han have identity,assimilation and unitary characteristcs in marriage psychological,slcial customs,values and mational awareness,religious belief and other aspects.Daibei social outlook is exchange and integration between Hu and Han.Daibei cultural characteristics is mingling agriculture and grazing culture,and the latter is more highlighting.