Late Qing Period The Xinjiang Han Culture Communication Research (1884-1949),

Xinjiang's multiculture is developed in the unique geographical conditions and historical background.It is the inseparable part of the integrative pattern of the multi-cultures of the Chinese nation.Han culture in the central plains had into Xinjiang region at least from the Xihan Dynasty,and had become the important part of the Xinjiang's multiculture.It was from the reign of Qianlong,when Qing government had completed the unification of the north and south Tianshan mountain, Han culture had spreaded into Xinjiang region deeply.Especially in1884years,Xinjiang province had established,from then on,Xinjiang's administration had unificated with the central plains,more people from central plains came into Xinjiang and developed it,the spread and development of Han culture reached the peak period.It is significative to find out the clues to the spread and development of Han culture in Xinjiang.This study is not only supplied to the research on Han culture,but also helpful to the research on Xinjiang's multiculture,and consummated the research on the integrative pattern of the multi-cultures of the Chinese nation.The spread and development of Han culture was in the unique historical background.After Xinjiang province established,Qing government had worked at a series of reform.Xinjing's traffic and communication had improved,that made the central plains's people came to Xinjiang conveniently.From1884to1949,the government and the officials'cultural policy,and the ethnic relations provided a advantageous social environment to the spread and development of Han culture.During this period,the spread subject of Han culture consist of the officers, soldiers,plebs,prisoners who worked on reclamation,and the officials,the dismissed officials,merchant,handicraftsman,artists from the central plains,and so on.The spread and development of Han culture including the advanced farming technology, the material life culture,and the Han's religious beliefs, Chinese dialects,the traditional festival custom, traditional opera art,and so on. The spread and development channels is diverse,such as sacrificial rites,literary dissemination,guild houses,school education,and news media,modem drama,movie and so on. The spread and development of Han culture in Xinjiang during1884to1949had three distinguishing features.First,the range of the spread and development of Han culture in Xinjiang during this period,is throughout the north and south Tianshan mountain.But the influence degree was limited by the distribution and living pattern of the people from central plains.It was much deeply in northern and eastern region of Xinjiang than southern region.Second,during these years,the trend of the spread and development of Han culture in Xinjiang is active.It was prompt when the social was stability,the economic was developed,and the ethnic relations was harmonious;Otherwise,opposite. Third, Han culture in Xinjiang's spread and development was rich and the comprehensive through the multiple spread channels.It was not only including the material, the institution aspects,but also the behavior,the mentality aspects.During Late Qing and ROC period,Han culture in Xinjiang also had three distinct characteristics.The first is the inheritance,which inherited from the central plains'Han culture.The second is the diversity,which from the diversity of the subjects' ancestral home.The third is creativeness,which developed in the Xinjiang's multicultural background.Xinjiang's Han culture during Late Qing and ROC period played an important role and had special effect.On one hand,it sustained the identify with the Xinjiang Han ethnic,became the identity labels of the Han people in Late and ROC period.On one hand,it promoted the modernization of Xinjing,especially in the culture modernization.On the other hand,it established the foundation of the Xinjing's multicultural pattern in modern times,in which Han culture plays the important role.