Emerson,the View Of Nature And Aesthetics Of God And Man Becoming One

In the first half of the19th century, the North American New England launched an ideological liberation movement known as the New England Transcendentalism', and also named 'American Renaissance', which led by Ralph Waldo Emerson, had emphasized on the communication between God and man directly and the divinity in humanity. It has a strong mind of critical and optimism and be an important heritage of the American culture, laying the foundation stone for the formation of the national spirit of the American. Emerson's Transcendentalism ideological system draws on ancient Greece, ancient Rome philosophy and Modern Romanticism under the influence of German classical philosophy; as well as the addition in the tradition of oriental culture, such as Chinese Confucianism and Brahmanism in India's religious thought. The study of transcendentalism covers the religion, philosophy, literature and so on. Since the end of the nineteenth centuries, researches on transcendentalism both in America and in other countries probed into different aspects of it.The introduction introduces the meaning and value of the article, the studies of the topics related to results of previous, and the structure of article. It is the positive result of Emerson's aesthetic thoughts mixing together difference cultures. The view of Emerson's aesthetics emphasis on the spiritual values of natural and contains a lot of view to help to improve the relationship between man and nature. Emerson make aesthetic issues and the question of faith together, to explore the less aesthetic forms of sensibility, and more emphasis on the universal symbol of law in the universe, and will revert to the beauty in the goodness and truth of the ontology of the universe on our thinking of the relationship of aesthetic and religious. Foreign scholars have been explored of Emerson's thoughts in-depth, while the level of research in China lags far behind foreign countries. Starting from a philosophical approach, combing with comparative cultural perspective, in a bid to build a problematic on the Emerson system of thought on the basis of previous research, we could explore the view of nature and aesthetics that so valuable problem in Emerson's thought.Chapter I introduces the Emerson's life experiences. This chapter can be divided into three parts. First, it is about Emerson's life, including the background of Emerson's family, growing environment, accepting the situation of education, marriage, social activities and so on, pointing out the relationship between Emerson's life and its ideas. Second, it introduces the embodied representative of Emerson's thinking. Third, it is about the relationship between Emerson and Transcendentalism. Transcendentalism is the most important attributes of Emerson's thinking and discussed in the article 'Ralph Waldo Emerson, the view of nature and aesthetics of God-man becoming one' to be established premise.Chapter II discusses the resources of the formation of Emerson's idea. These idea resources related to the Platonic philosophy in the Western cultural tradition, the neo-Platonic philosophy and German classical philosophy and the Romantic scholar from Carlyle and Coleridge, and also involved in traditional Oriental culture in China's Confucian ethics and Hindu religious thoughts. Plato's concept of the universe has laid the foundation stone for Emerson's idea. Neo-Platonic's emanation and intuition has becoming the origin and destination of ontology of Emerson's thought. The German classical philosophy Reading from Modern Romantic scholars Carlisle and Coleridge's has becoming the direct source of 'Transcendentalism'. Emerson learned the goodness of the Confucian tradition and the view of Brahman as one in Indian in the Oriental culture. In fact, Emerson accepted the Confucian idea adapted from Zhu Xi's remaking from Taoist cosmology.Chapter III discusses the philosophical foundation of Emerson's view. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part is about the view of ontology of Emerson's thought, which named of'oversoul'. The background of oversoul is the criticism of Unitarism and Calvinism. Oversoul as the ontology of the universe has the characteristics of spirituality and transcendence, and oversoul could be awknowledged by intuition. The characteristics of oversoul are impersonalization, disintermediation and secularization.The second part is about the view of epistemology of Emerson's thought, which named of'intuition'. Emerson divided human intellect into the receptive intellect and the constructive intellect which affected by Coleridge. The constructive intellect is equivalent of rational intuition, belonging to human nature. Self-reliance appeals us to go beyond the books, social and historical experience, and to carry forward nature and adhere to ourselves. Emerson's representative men is kind of romantic genius personality, such as scholar, poet and so on.Chapter â…£discusses the view of Emerson's natural and aesthetics. Natural in Emerson ideological system is in the middle between the'oversoul' and man. Emerson confirmed that the values of the senses and experience of natural for people. On this basis, Emerson stressed that nature also has the value of beauty. Nature is the symbol of the spirit. It could discipline human's intelligence and reason, even holding the spirit of the universe. The view of Emerson's aesthetics is included in his view of nature. The sense of pleasure for human is just the starting point of the aesthetics. His investigation of values in natural aesthetics returns back to spiritual values. finally, he emphasizes that the destination of beauty is combined with the truth and the goodness, so that it could take shape to the state of unitary and perfect in sprite.Chapter V discusses the value and revelation of Emerson's view of nature and aesthetics in the state of God and man becoming one. The first part of the chapter thinks that the value of Emerson's view is the definition to the quality of the organic entirety and transcendence to themselves. Then the second part discusses the revelation of Emerson's view. The fact that God, man and nature is a entirety full of organic vitality is the acknowledgement about human and nature together in a whole from humanism. The way Emerson takeing aesthetic issues back to universe, is a revelation that we should adhere to self-discipline of the aesthetics and relate the issue of aesthetics to the issue of faith simultaneously. After that, we can examine the issue of'the substitution of aesthetic education for religion' again in the past hundred years.The conclusion think that Emerson's Transcendentalism look upon the man and the world in poetic vision. It is opposed to belief of a life for the sins of the rigidity of the Unitarianism, and life of commodity fetishism of the secular concept naked. This vision could get to the perfection of sprite in intuition. At the same time, man could maintain the dignity of his life and get to realize the mystery of the universe. This is just an assumption only.