Development Of English Methodist Mission Society In Southchina In The End Of The Ching Dynasty And The Beginning Of The Republic Of China

When G Piercy arrived in Hongkong in 1851, English Methodist Missionary Society began her missionary work in China. Though EMMS is not famous as Baptist Missionary Society of U.S.A. and Presbyterian Church of U.S.A., EMMS developed the South China in education, medicine and religion, and quicken the modernization of the South China.After studied a lot of original documents, I analyze the work of EMMS in the South China from the view of cultural exchange. In the artcle, first, I review the study of the Protestant history in China. Second, according to EMMS's key emphasis in work in every period, I summarize the religion, medicine and education work of EMMS in Guangdong district.The first period includes G Piercy first arrived in China in 1851 to T.GSelby leaved to English in 1880. In this period, the main work is direct propagandization. The missionarys builded churchs, made lectures in street, preached in travel and dispensed Good Book. In 1851, because Canton people did not allow forgeins enter the city, the missioarys had to work in the outskirt of Canton. The first Chinese conversus of EMMS was born in Macao during the second Opium War. After the Tientsin treaty was concluded, foreign missionarys were allowed to enter to the inland. EMMS began speading in the inland of Guangdong, such as Fatshan, Xinning, Xinhui and North Rive. But at that time, most Chinese people felt strange to Christianism and conversus is few.The second period began with Dr. Wenyon setting up the hospital in Fatshan, and end with the beginning of 21 century. The outstanding work in this time is the medical missionization. First, Dr. Wenyon's medical work developed very well and became famous in Guangdong. Second, Dr. Macdonald' s medical work in Wuzhou also caught people's eye. In fact, medical work developed propagandization in many way. A lot of people were familiar with church through missionary medical work. In the impulse of the medical work, EMMS developed very well in Fatshan, North River and Wuzhou. Conversus became more and more.The third period is the education period. From the end of 19 century, EMMS's education work developed step by step. Especially in the beginning of 20 century, Dr. Anderson builded the Elison school and Miss Banks setted up the nurse school. But the landmark of EMMS's education work in China is the erect of the Haigh school. In these schools, religion course was necessary and was tranfered to Chinese students. It was the main reason that religion schools were critisized in the movement of antichristianism. As the movement of antichristianism developed, religion schools was difficult to work and had to be closed.