Dialectic Theory In Postmetaphysics

The dialectic theory exists in contrast with metaphysics. Therefore, this dissertation has conducted a series of genealogical researches about the dialectic theory in the mutual relationships between dialectic theory and metaphysics. Heidegger holds that the traditional western philosophy is metaphysics. Therefore, based on the standards of metaphysics, I divide in a simple way the history of western philosophy, namely, the era of traditional metaphysics, the era of anti-metaphysics and the era of postmetaphysics. Therewith, I divide the dialectic theory into the dialectic theory in the era of traditional metaphysics; that in the era of anti-metaphysics and in the era of postmetaphysics. This dissertation aims to conduct an all-around research about the values, forms, functions and theories of the dialectical theory in the era of postmetaphysics, on the basis of illustrating the dialectical theories in the eras of traditional metaphysics and anti-metaphysics.In the era of traditional metaphysics, three people were the pioneers in the theoretical studies of the dialectic theory, namely, Plato, Kant and Hegel. Two kinds of dialectical theories existed in the works of Plato. The first can be called"dialogue dialectic theory", which was reflected in the early dialogues in Plato, initiated by Socrates and therefore it can also be called"the dialectic of Socrates"; while the second can be called"the dialectic of logic", mainly reflected in the later dialogues of Plato. This theory was inherited by Hegel, which laid the foundation of the theoretical basis of the whole western world in the era of traditional metaphysics, and therefore can also be termed"the dialectic of Hegel".Plato's"the dialectic of logic"is the way to the truth, aiming to find the truth and dialectic is the mental process of realizing concepts. Kant regarded dialectic as"transcendental illusion", as a misuse of reason in terms of metaphysics. Therefore,...