Chinese Verb Studies With The Word Order Of The Relevant Syntactic Elements

The word order is the most important grammar method in Chinese. The study on word order of Chinese begins with Ma Shi Wen Tong. From then on, people have been paying close attention to the research of the word order all the time, the word order study has been looked as "one wing" in the so called "one body and two wings" in the grammar research. The verb is the center in one sentence. As one of important linguistics topics, the verb joins the subject, the object and the complement, and the adverb. However, at present, the word order research to Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredients, are mainly for Chinese sole language and synchronic research in microscopic language phenomenon.This thesis breaks through the previously insufficiency of synchronic studies, and sole Chinese research limitation. It researches the ancient and modern difference of pronoun object position from the diachronic quantitative statistics, as well as the word order diachronic evolution characteristic of adverbial, complement and verb. Besides this, explanation to these diachronic evolutions is made, not only seeking the reason from the systematic aspect which the Chinese internal syntax structure various factors restricts mutually, but also carrying on the typology analysis of these evolution phenomenon through Chinese and other language in the Sino-Tibetan language family comparison .Moreover, this thesis macroscopicly summarized the organizes principle and the conditionality characteristic on the word order of Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient. Also, it discussed four kind of special word order phenomenon of the verb and the correlation syntax ingredient.This thesis mainly discussed following several questions: 1st, the quota inspection and the explanation of evolution agent to the preposed object. By the pronoun object preposed quantitative investigation to pre-Qin period two important ancient books Poetry and Confucian Analects confirmed , it testified that the pronoun objectto was basic preposed in the pre-Qin period; the evolutional agent of the preposed object move can be divided into three aspects: the pronoun meaning definitude is its preposed reason; the complication of verb-object semantics relations causes a kind of language force which have the analogical function ; the focal point mark producing is the postpositioned power of the preposed object.2nd, through the analysis on word order diachronic evolution situation of partial adverbial and complement, this thesis believes that the appearance of the complement is a power to the adverbial word order evolves, and embarks the explanation on the change agent of Chinese adverb position from the national minority language similar phenomenon. Then, it carries on the typology analysis of Chinese verb and thecorrelation syntax ingredient word order in three aspects: the typology change of Chinese structure, the typology significance of the verb-object word order of the inscription on animal bones and tortoise shells, Chinese typology characteristic of the verb-object word order.3rd, this thesis summarized the four organization principles on the word order of Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient: the word order's copy principle to the realistic rule; the time complement and the object word order follows the principle that "the non- natural object disposed after the time complement "; the adverbial, the verb, the complement word order follows the principle that "accompanying condition + verb + result ingredient"; to the entire sentence, the principle is "the syntax ingredient of high estimating degree are in the front".4th, this thesis has discussed the restriction characteristic about the word order of Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient including three kind of relations: the word order and the syntax, the word order and the semantic structure, the word order and the language use — the word order and the topic; And, it was believed that the restriction characteristic of the word order exist in the expression to definitude/ indefinite, certain grammar methods, the double object syntax structure as well as a kind of determination of sentence type; The wordorder and the semantic structure have the corresponding relations, they mutually restrict; The significance of the word order to the topic.5th, by the comparison between Tibetan and the antiquity Chinese double object, this thesis explains that they have many similar characteristics. From the double object word order characteristics of the other languages of Sino-Tibetan language family, it revealed the typology characteristic of Chinese double object structure.This thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is "Introduction", where stated the research summary, present studies insufficiency, selected topic value, as well as this thesis main research content, research theory and method, innovation place, language material origin.The second chapter is "the ancient and modern difference on the Chinese verb and object word order, and its agent inspection". The first part is the evolve characteristic description to the verb-object word order. Then, the semantic relational complex of the verb and objet along with verb-object word order evolves, as well as the evolve characteristics of the object position, the later period object preposed phenomenon is discussed. Finally, the evolution agent which the preposed object moved after is analyzed.The Third chapter is "the diachronic evolution and its agent inspection on the verb and adverbial, complement word order". Fouraspects of contents are included. The first is the diachronic evolution situations of partial adverbial word order. It has studied three kind of word orders evolutions situation: the partial prepositions phrase moves to the front of verb from the behind; the word which have the meaning "like" evolves their position from behind to front of verb; partial adverbs word order evolution situation. The second is the diachronic evolution agent inspection of partial adverbial word order. The third is the diachronic inspection and the agent analysis on the complement position evolves: the momentum word moves to behind verb from the front of verb, the complement word order evolves from by far the verb to the close neighbor predicate verb, the word order question related with expression and word meaning. The forth is the typology analysis on the verb and the correlated syntax ingredient word order evolving.The Fourth chapter is "the word order organizational principle and the restriction characteristic of Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient". Four organizational principles to Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient word order were analyzed. The word order restriction characteristic of Chinese verb and the correlation syntax ingredient is also discussed here.The Fifth chapter is "the special word order phenomenon research on the verb and correlation syntax ingredient". Four aspects are discussed herein. Firstly, the type, the semantic change, the syntax function and thelanguage uses difference of "adjective + (一)点(儿)" and stative adjectives as adverbal and complement is studied; Secondly, the reason and the mechanism which they can be possible to change positions or could not change positions is analyzed; Then, we studies that subject and object may change positions, and inverted condition of word order under uses. We think that the type of word order inverted have four types: the adverb inverts, the object inverts, the complement inverts, and that the word order inverted has the bright language characteristic - spoken language; Finally, we analyzed Chinese double object word order characteristic from the Sino-Tibetan language family angle. The Sixth chapter is "conclusion", where the full text is Summarized.In this thesis the research theory of "Construction Grammer" and "three planes grammar theories" are utilized;The research technique is: comparison test, analysis method, typology study, system method.