Researches On Moral Cognition For Lying Of Chinese

Concepts and research literatures on lying were systematically analyzed in this dissertation. Based on the model of moral psychological process brought by Rest, J., three researches on moral cognition for lying of Chinese were performed.In the first research, attributes of moral judgment for lying were analyzed by a randomized block design with single independent variable. The result reveals that 25 cases on lying are classified into 2 groups by cluster analysis based on scores of moral judgment for lying. The difference between mean scores of the two groups of moral judgment for lying is significant in statistics. Participants tend to think that Moral value for lying in the first group in which liars often do good to others is positive, but the one in the second group in which liars often do harm to others but benefit themselves is negative.The following conclusions are found on lying with positive moral value. (1) Participants are apt to make positive moral valuation if they are on the side of liars. (2) Men are more likely to make positive moral valuation than women. (3) Teachers tend to make negative moral valuation. (3)Elder participants are more likely to make negative moral valuation than the young.The following conclusions are found on lying with negative moral value. (1) Participants are apt to make positive moral valuation if they are on the side of liars. (2) Participants with undergraduate course education are more likely to make positive moral valuation than those with other education background. (3)Student participants are more likely to make positive moral valuation than the others (including teachers). (4) Participants from 31 to 41 are more likely to make negative moral valuation than those from 15 to 30.In the second research, attributes of moral choice for lying were analyzed by a randomized block design with three independent variables (2×2×4). In this research, the importance of values about subsistence, safety, liberty, privacy, vocation, love, friendship, face, reputation, wealth and justice is respectively compared with value of the truthfulness. It is found in the research that value of truthfulness is not the most important. There are many more important values than truthfulness. The value of truthfulness is concluded in eleven cases, which are classified into 3 groups by cluster analysis based on scores of moral choice for lying. Participants are apt to choose "lying" for subsistence, safety, liberty, privacy, vocation. Some noticeable conclusions are drawn in the research. (1) Participants are apt to choose "lying" for their own values of subsistence, safety or liberty than for others, but apt to choose "lying" for values of others such as reputation, love and justice. (2)Participants are more likely to save benefits than to gain benefits by choosing "lying" for privacy, wealth, love, or reputation. (3)Participants are more likely to choose "lying" in occasions with high risk than those with low risk.In the last research, a moral choice model on lying was established by a randomized block design with three independent variables (6×3×2). The context of lying(X₁), relation between liar and receiver(X₂), reliability of lies (X₄), moral value for lying(X₅), possibility of being forgiveness(X₆), possibility of loss of trust(X₇) all have some significant effects on moral choice for lying.