The Evolution Of Ancestor Worship On Excavated Manuscripts Of The Pre-Qin And Qin-Han

Abstract:This text bases on the excavated manuscripts, combines archaeological material and literature. Study the character and evolution of the pre-Qin and Qin-Han dynasties'ancestor god worship. This text is mainly constituted by the following six parts.The first part is introduction. First, summarize the predecessors'research of the ancestor worship. Second, elaborate value and significance of excavated manuscripts of the ancestor worship. Finally, analyses the theoretical foundation of ancestor worship, that soul is immortal. And then, pointed out that ancestor worship is Ancient China's indigenous religion.The second part is the beginning of the ancestor worship. the author analyzes and the theocracy since the legend era and Zhuanxu period. And analyze the immortal soul and ancestor worship in archaeological material.The third part is the inscriptions on oracle bones of ancestor worship in Shang dynasty. From the oracle in Shang dynasty, the author discussed the position and fete rites of ancestor worship in Shang dynasty. And summarize the characteristics of the ancestor worship in Shang dynasty.The fourth part is the inscriptions on bronze of ancestor worship in Zhou dynasty. First, analysis the characteristics, bronze ritual vessels and inscriptions on bronze of the ancestor worship in Zhou dynasty. The bronze ritual vessels for fete, which embodies the ancestor worship of the Zhou Dynasty. The inscriptions on bronze of ancestor worship also reflect the patriarchal hierarchy of the Zhou dynasty. Second, the text concludes the content of the ancestor worship of the Zhou Dynasty. That is, long for the longevity, pray for the good fortune and an official position, pray for healthy and being blessed, pray for the government post and so on. Last, the author mainly elaborated the duality of ancestor god worship in the Zhou Dynasty bronze inscription. That is, Zhou dynasty's ancestor god worship was a kind of filial piety paying a debt of gratitude, was also the utilitarian religion prayed for being blessed, made the further understanding the ancestor god worship. The fifth part is the analyses of evolution for ancestor worship on excavated materials in Warring States and Qin-Han. First, the author analyze the status of ancestor worship is gradually decreased begin with late Western Zhou dynasty. These are blaming God, emphasis on people despise of God, the Confucian's naturalistic attitudes. Second, the author analyzes the ghost system and the characteristics of ancestor worship in Warring States. In Warring States, the fate and burial system are change, the "hundred schools of thought" and their exponents on God are different. Third, the author analyzes the fading of ancestor worship on bamboo and silk manuscripts in Warring States, which use Warring States'bamboo and silk manuscripts, Qin jade inscriptions, Bamboo Slips of the Qin Dynasty from Yunmeng to analyze the object and method of fete, sacrifice and the contents of divination. Last, the author analyzes the thriving pantheistic worship and the fading of ancestor worship on excavated manuscripts in Han dynasty. These are contends pantheistic worship, filial piety and funeral, the excavated manuscripts on declass of the ancestor worship in Han dynasty, and analyzes the reason of the decline and influences.The sixth part is the conclusion for the full text. Summarize the points of the full text.