| 4The study of the regional modernization of Guangzhong (the central area of Shaanxi province) is a topic necessary to be explored into in the filed of study concerning modernization. As the studying on Chinese modernization proceeds from history to theory, from general to specific, from whole country to region or province, studying on the region of every province, particularly on the modernization of the regions with peculiar cultures and national features has increasingly been an important topic.This dissertation is a tentative exploration into the modernization in Guangzhong region. It is approached from seven chapters.Chapter one is preface, which introduces the aim, background, significance, scope and current situation of the study, the author's intentions and methods of study.Chapter two is modernization and modernization in Guangzhong region. It begins with a brief history review of the world and China in modernization, and then gives a definition of the concept of modernization and of the basic categories of modernization studies on Guangzhong region.Chapter three probes modernization in Guangzhong region, mainly concerning its process of development from 1840 to 2002. Its modernization can be divided into three historical phases, view to the world and Chinese modernization. The first phases are approached from its ecomomic and social structures, which concern myriad factors in modernization. This phase is the modernization prior to 1840, specifically from the rein of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty to 1840. During this phase, the commercial activities, agricultural production and Philosoph School in Guangzhong (proposed by philosopher Zhang Zai who lived in Guanzhong region) in Song Dynasty, spread of Christianity, etc, had all taken on the features of modernization. The reflections in economy and society became the departing point of subsequent modernization in Guangzhong In the second phase (1840---1949), modernization factors in Guanzhong developed slowly. But after Zuo Zongtang's putting down the uprising Hui minorities and during the first and second Sion—Japanese War, modernization elements develoed very rapidly, which are feflected in industry, trade, finance, farming, forestry and animal husbandry, traffic, telecommunication, modern media, modern medicine, spread of religions, knowledge,etc. The third phase (1949—2002) quantitatively analyses the increase of modernization in Guanzhong from GNP pre capita, the ratio of agricultural GP,the ratio of service GP, the ratio of rural labor force in total labor force. The increase of modernization is demonstracted from quantitative analysis of historial data in four indexes: proportion of service industry in GNP, the mumber of doctors in every thousand people, the number of students in every million of people, percentage of urbanization.Chapter four is an evaluation of modernization in Guangzhong region. It first sorts out and evaluates the evaluation system of modernization both at home and abroad, then adopting the social and economic evaluation indexes of Inkeles—TONE Model, assesses the extent of the Guangzhong modernization in 2002. There are seven indexes of evaluation; they are GNP per capita, proportion of increase in agriculture and service industry, proportion urban citizens, medical service, and literacy of adults. The evaluating findings are that the modernization of Guanzhong region in 2002 has reached 78.71%. Chapter five analyses the merits and demerits of modernization in Guangzhong region, in terms of the five factors in nature, politics, economy, society and culture. The author holds that the favourable economic factors include the advantageous natural resources, rich manpower resources, perfect market system, and the extent of absorbing foreign capitales. The favourable cultural factors include unity of heaven and human beings, pioneering and initiative spirit, broad vision of taking in everything and cultural tradition of stressing agriculture. The favorable social conditions are open social structures, mature rationali...
|
PDF Full Text Request