Study On International Competitiveness Of Soybean Industry Of China

With China playing more and more important and formal role in WTO, domestic grain industry in China is gradually facing to the increased international competition. Soybean industry of China is one of those industries, which opened to the world market earliest, with the highest degree of marketability and internationalization. So, study on what has happened and why, and which strategies should be taken for the soybean industry of China should have strategic meaning as a paradigm and demonstration for other grain industries of China.In this study, based on theories of international trade, systematic and ecological principles and methods, a framework for analysis of soybean industry international competitiveness was established. With statistical data, the evolving track of international competitiveness and formation of competition situation for global soybean industry, and the falling process of international competitiveness and the main impact factors and the evolving mechanism of international competitiveness for soybean industry of China, were systematically analyzed. At the end, suggestions and strategies were brought forward to improve the international competitiveness of the soybean industry of China.From the intercontinental point of view, the competitive situation of soybean production and exportation evolved from "North American dominant, Asian secondary" into "co-controlled by North America and South America"; the competitive situation of importation evolved from "Europe dominant, Asia subsidiary" into "Asia dominant, Europe subsidiary"; the competitive situation of the consumption evolved from "North American dominant, Asia subsidiary" into "co-controlled by Asia, North America and South America". In a word, comprehensive competitiveness of intercontinental soybean industry evolved from "North America the most powerful, Asia the second, Europe the third, and South America the weakest" into co-controlled by North America and South America, Asia subsidiary, Europe in the third".Among the countries, the competitive situation of production evolved from "America dominant, China subsidiary" into "American first, followed by Brazil, Argentina, China, India and Paraguay orderly". The competitive situation of exportation evolved from "America dominant, China subsidiary" into "co-controlled by America, Brazil and Argentina". The competitive situation of importation evolved from "co-controlled by Japan, Germany, Dutch, Spain and Italy " into "China dominant, followed by Dutch, Japan, Germany, Mexico and Spain orderly". At the same time, the results of statistical analysis indicate that "the distribution of the importing countries is concentrated, while that of the exporting countries in decentralization", the competitive situation of consumption evolved from "America dominant, followed by China, Brazil, Japan and Germany orderly" into "co-controlled by America, China, Brazil and Argentina".For the soybean industry of China, the influence power of production and exportation has kept falling down, the rank order of the former fell from the leader to No.4, and the latter fell from No.2 to No.6. While the influence power of importation kept climbing steadily, ascending from No.8 to the No.l.The influence power of consumption began to come back after falling, staying at the same rank of the No.2. In general, the international competitiveness of the soybean industry of China descended, with the comprehensive competitiveness dropping from No.2 to No.3, and self-balance capability also became weaker accordingly.The direct reasions for the decline of international competitiveness of the soybean industry of China included: (1) Compared to that in US, the integrated cost of soybean production in China was higher, while the integrated income was less. (2) The price of soybean produced in China was higher than that produced in US, but the difference is getting less. (3) Compared the quality of soybean produced in China to that in US, the oil content of the soybean produced in China was 1.09% lower than that in US averagely, the protei...