Researches On Education Status In The Qing Dynasty Of Delta Region Of The Pearl River

The delta region of the Pearl River is an economic developed region in Guangdong province of China, and its cultural development has also been ranked firstly in the history of South of the Five Ridge. From the end of Ming to the begin of Qing, social division in the delta was scale-up, and the towns were prosperous, and the trades with foreign countries were booming, and commodity economy and capitalism were sprouted. In Qing dynasty, because of the Ming-Qing war and the conflict between China and the West, imperial examination system has declined, which has given a great impact to the education development of the delta area.The status of development in the delta region on local official, social and commercial education, college learning, study by school-owned land's rent, imperial examination, mission school and study aboard is analyzed and researched in the paper. As the times changed and the West culture interacted with Chinese culture, the unique characteristics of education in the delta region of the Pearl River is represented in this paper, such as the lasting evaluation of local government education, college learning and social education which was mainly centralized in Guangzhou. The college learning, social education and social education in Guangdong intersected each other, which has resulted in development of the feudal education never seen before. To the end of Qing, imperial examination system came down in education and almost all of its doors were closed against the world politically. Only Guangdong still opened its borders at that times, especially the early opening port of Macau and the lost of Hongkang after Opium War, which has made Guangdong named as a bridgehead of culture interaction between the West and China. The coexist of new education with old one has made compound status in education and has became a feature of Guangdong's education. Therefore, besides the continuing of traditional education, new idea, science and technology from the West has come into, and mission schools aboard have been gradually growing up. According to a incompletely statistics, the total number of mission schools in Guangdong province is about 10 from the first Opium War to 1860(mainly in Guangzhou city), but to about 54 from the second Opium War to 1911, which distributed around the delta region. In addition, development of study aboard injected a flesh air into the Guangdong's education and almost 60% of children studied aboard accredited by Qing government came from the delta region and they played a important role to the Chinese history afterward.Based on the researches of such education highlight, the school systems, curricula and the scope of their impact are evaluated in the paper. Furthermore, because of the multi-type of education in Guangdong of Qing dynasty, leaders in the field of education such as Ruan Yuan, Rong Hong, Kang You-wei and Zhang Zhi-dong emerged, and their profound thought is analyzed in the article as well, which makes us a deep insight into the relations between the evolvement of their thought and the development of education in the delta area.