From Southeast University To Central University

From the respect of state, political party and society, the paper is intended to research the early history of the Southeast University and the Central University during the 1920s'and 1930s',and the process that the university developed from a local college to the highest seat of learning in the capital, so as to analyze the relationship between the politics and the culture.The National Southeast University ,set up in 1920,was attributed to the united effort of the Southeast gentry who were in direct influence of the May Fourth Movement. During the nationalizing of the Southeast University , there existed quite great distance between the name and the reality ,in which party politics .concept conflict and personnel entanglement mingled with each other . This reflected the difficulty of the nationalization. Along with the rising of the party force in the southeast, the Guomingdang Party members directed the agitation of president change , which was in the essence the result of the Guomingdang Party corroding the local autonomous force.The National Government .making Nanjing the capital in 1927,in order to reform "the supreme headquarters of the reactionary forces "and to build a new learning center, tried to remake the Southeast University the highest seat of learning in the new capital .The name change from "the Southeast University" to "the Central University" was rather the effort of the students. Centering on how to build the highest seat of learning ,the National Government tried the system of University Area. In the process, the strife about funds happened among the Central University,the central government and the Jiangsu local government. Though the proposal of Central University Area was put forward in view of academy independence, it came about the system base by which the national university occupy the local education resources. In result, the Central University became a place that the central and the local haggled.Meanwhile, the Guomingdang Party .having seized regime .regarded the Central University as an important base to enforce "Danghua "education which was passively responded to by President Zhang Naiyan and other professors, and the "Danghua" education resulted little. The basic reason lied in the conflict between the spirit of learning liberty and the concept of "Danghua" education .The Guomingdang Party center became more and more dissatisfactory with this condition, so as to replace President Zhang Naiyan with a person of Guomingdang colours, In addition, the complicate factional strife inside the Guomingdang directly led to the trust crisis of the Central University president ,and even a political crisis of the education circle during the early years of 1930s'.After Zhang Naiyan's resignation ,the National Government quickly assigned Zhu Jiahu to takecharge of the Central University so as to control it .President Zhu made efforts to strengthen "Danghua" education, however ,he resigned in only a year because of lack of funds as well as the students movement after the "September Eighteenth". Then ,political or learning standard of Central University president became the central issue controverted by the government and the public .Gui Chongji, Ren Hongjun ,Duan Xipeng was successively appointed .Another president change agitation happened because of the students' aversion. In the end ,the National Government dismissed the Central University by force ,and delegated Cai Yuanpei ,Li Siguang to reorganize it. The Centralization of the Central University was therefore seriously hindered.In August of 1932,Luo Jialun was appointed to direct the Central University. He advanced the mission to build national organic culture ,made an effort to make the balance between politics and academy, and tried to make the Central University the staff headquarters for national rejuvenation. Because of the upsurge of nationalism in 1930s',the professors diverted their ways and means to take part in the politics ,for which the Shidaigonglun House and the Guofeng Semimonthly Office were good examples .The former advocated aut...