The Study On Education At County Level Of Hubei Province In The Republic Of China(1927-1937)

The county level has long been one of the Chinese socio-political entities,the basic unit of Chinese socio-economic because of the Republic of China is still dominated by agriculture,the people most likely to live in rural areas,70 counties in Hubei province carrying the vast majority of the population and geographical area.This level of education is concerned,in accordance with the central, provincial,and county levels is responsible for system,the county level as an independent educational level,assume the universal basic education,improve the level of general public knowledge and production skills of the task of education in the overall pattern of has an important position.This is still of considerable practical significance.From 1927 to 1937 decade,a number of occasions in Hubei Province held a provincial meeting of county education administration,and actively promote the cause of local education,and in accordance with the relevant central authorities promulgated compulsory education,vocational education,teacher education,public education,special education,education administration,education and so on inspection of the laws and regulations,the development of the province to implement the corresponding methods and measures for the popularization of basic education and development have made useful explorations,and provide a lot we can learn from historical experience.This article based on original historical archives and related documents,trying to restore the county level in Hubei Province during this period the general outline of the development of education,universal education and development from the perspective of society described in the modem trend,reaching through the part of the history of the study to reflect The purpose of the overall history.This article is divided into three parts:preface,body and conclusion.Preface including research subjects,research subjects,the scope of the definition and selection of the purport,meaning,the idea of thesis and framework,as well as an approach to the study.Separately from the main body of the first decade of the Anti-Japanese War in Hubei at the county level education background,education administration and education as the lead funding for education,primary education,secondary education,some aspects of social education inspection, accordingly divided into six chapters:Chapterâ… :Nanjing Nationalist government set up after the development of education-related purposes,principles and specific laws and regulations has enacted,Hubei actively implement the central authorities promulgated the rules and regulations,adopt a variety of approaches and measures to promote the development of education in county.The chapter also reviewed the Hubei since the late Qing Dynasty until the early counties and districts in the development process of education. Chapterâ…¡:the thirties,Hubei county's Department of Education has undergone shrinkage Board Section and the Conference Board to change Section Change,full-time Bureau of Education(Division) has developed into the county government a long period of part-time administrative staff.At the same time,the following District Rural counties also gradually built up the education-related executive agencies,formed a complete system of educational administration.Counties in order to promote and improve education,Hubei Province,set up a complete inspection of the education system,and the province's counties launched a series of unprecedented educational inspection.In addition,eleven counties in western Hubei remote set up in west Hubei Education Office.The chapter also from some aspects of the county of Hubei Bureau of Education(Division) long groups were studied.Chapterâ…¢:to establish an independent because there is no county-level financial,counties rely mainly on education public education cost-sharing,local financing,the main source of study has a variety of middle income and various types of additional donations,miscellaneous donations.For education funding,the counties on the one hand,the establishment of specialized agencies to strengthen the management,on the other hand,for the loss of part of the calendar year to conduct clean-up and expansion,the provincial education department were also dispatched to clear the Commissioner to urge the county to clear the middle study section study.At the same time,the central and provincial financial assistance at the county level education is becoming an important source of funding.Chapterâ…£:the development of county-level bear the responsibility of primary education, compulsory education is a top priority at this stage in Hubei Province issued a series of universal compulsory education measures and decrees,one after another in the county offer a variety of provincial or shall grant the province primary school,later in 1935 also relies on Baojia system start-up at the vast numbers of rural primary schools UNPROFOR At the same time,urban and rural areas throughout the school to carry out improvements to complement the inadequacy of the number of schools,and achieved remarkable results.Chapterâ…¤:secondary education on the one hand,in view of the general school funding for teachers and higher,according to classification in charge of the system limits the development of Hubei Province,County school,recovery and increased the school district's handling.On the other hand,places to meet the needs of socio-economic development,and strive to offer a variety of vocational schools and teacher training school,in particular,founded the Normal School of rural and agricultural vocational schools.This time,Hubei counties the number of private school,and school grade scale than the County of the same type of school. Chapterâ…¥:Education and society refers to ordinary people outside the school system of education,the late Qing Dynasty set up in Hubei counties generally have half a day on the school, simple bodies such as the literacy study Sook.In set up,the society formally established the education system.Nanjing National Government period,the administration of social education organizations, the scheme was implemented by the county-level one.Hubei counties generally set up a public museum and public school education and other social educational institutions and facilities,and vigorously promote public education and literacy education.In 1933,the Hubei Province in the so-called "recovered gang zone" more than 20 counties in special education,has set up roving public schools,public schools and tour Zhongshan Teaching Mission and the establishment of "special education experimental zone."Conclusion:Anti-Japanese War a decade ago,because it is restricted by various factors,Hubei County Department of Educational Administration to develop a variety of counties and districts to develop education plans and ideas or to remain on paper,or at greatly reduced implementation, various kinds of education The processing also has a lot of imperfections.However,on the whole,this time,after many efforts,Hubei counties education have made great progress,and gradually become more stereotyped.