| Efforts to understand the mode and strategy of past cultural response to sea level rise may prove instructive for estimating modern social policy for an irreversible changing and uncertain future. The Southeast Lixiahe Plain had experienced complex change progress of land-sea in the Holocene, and there are a few of Neolithic sites in this area, such as Taozhuang site and Qingdun site. All of this gives us provide good research materials of the relations between past sea-land changes and human activities.Based on the detailed analyses of Taozhuang site and Qingdun site, environmental proxies, AMS14C dating, marine microfossils, pollen, grain size and geochemistry, are compressively used to research the transgressive or regressive event recorded in the sediment of Taozhuang site and Qingdun site. Combined with accurate measurement of elevation, the regression record was found, and the regression process was caused by gradual development of tidal sand embankment and offshore tidal sand ridges in the east of study area. Combined with the information of physical environment changes and archaeology from study area, environmental archaeology was carried out to explore the relations between early Holocene regressive event and Neolithic culture development. The results show:(1) Lots of marine microfossils and pollen of Chenopodiaceae were found in the profiles of Taozhuang site and Qingdun site, and combined with geochemistry and grain size analysis, the sedimentary environment of Taozhuang site was subtidal or intertidal environment, subtidal or estuarine beach environment and continental lake environment. While, Qingdun site had experienced the process of open intertidal, semi-closed supratidal and coastal environment.(2) According to the AMS14C dating in the marine layer in Taozhuang site and Qingdun site, the period of studied marine sediment in Taozhuang site and Qingdun site are10000-8200a BP and8100-7700a BP, respectively. As a result, the ages of Taozhuang site and Qingdun site becoming land are8200a BP and7700a BP, respectively. But not7000a BP of the previous studies considered, it is in7700a BP that Qingdun had becomed land. Top elevation of marine sediments layers in two sites are0.9733m and-0.6428m, respectively.(3) Combined with the foundation in Taozhuang and Qingdun and the characteristics of regional Holocene paleogegrphic environment changes, it was found that the transgressive process was begined in the southeast part of study area. But when the early Holocene transgression was occurred, the regression was found in Taozhuang and Qingdun. Because the terrain of study area is an highland, and simultaneously, the gradual development of tidal sand embankment and offshore tidal sand ridges in the east of study area, all of these had weakened the impacts of tidal current from east sea of study area. So with the time going on, Taozhuang and Qingdun had successively became land in8200a BP and7700a BP respectively. Especially, with the development of mouth bar and shell sand embankment in7000a BP, they significantly blocked the effects of tidal current, then the environment of study area had become into continental marsh environment. When in6500a BP, the study area had already a good livable environment.(4) Based the analysis of Neolithic culture development in the area around Taozhuang site and Qingdun site, the people had communicated with each other between the west Lixiahe plain (Longqiuzhuang site was located) and Southeast Lixiahe (Taozhuang site and Qingdun site were located), and the persons of Qingdun site in6300cal. a BP were from Longqiuzhuang site in the west Lixiahe Plain, while the Longqiuzhuang site was influenced in6300cal. a BP by the transgression in the west Lixiahe Plain. |
PDF Full Text Request