| The anti-diabetic activity and active constituents of involucre of Castanea mollissima Blume, together with constituents from Turkey plants Seseli hartvigii were studied in this paper.Castanea mollissima Blume is a plant belonging to the Castanea genus of Fagacaea family, which was also called chestnuts.It was mainly distributed in North China, Southwest and Changjiang River Valley.According to recent reports,the plants of Castanea genus have the activities of anti-bacteria, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-age, antiplatelet-aggregating and so on.The chemical constituents of chestnuts,shells and flowers of it were studied by our group systematically. Base on the previous studies,anti-diabetic activities of all extracts from chestnuts,shells and involucres of C. mollissima Blume were valued by two screening systems in vitro, and extract of involucres showed the significant inhibitory activities on Aldose Reductase (AR) and the formation of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs). Under the guidance of AR assay, the active constituents of involucre were studied,25 compounds were obtained by means of silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, ODS column and HPLC isolation methods, and 20 compounds were identified by the IR, UV, NMR, MS spectral analysis. They were elucidated as kaempferol (1), 2,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid (2),methyl-gallate (3),3,4-dihydroxy-benzoic acid (4), gallic acid (5), ellagic acid (6), tiliroside (kaempferol-3-O-[6"-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside,7), kaempferol-3-O-[6’-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-galatopyranoside (8), kaempferol-3-O-[2"-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (9),1-nonacosanol (10), stigmast-4-en-3,6-dione(11),n-butyl gallate(12),2,4,6-trihydroxy-benzoic acid(13), kaempferol-3-O-[2",6"-di-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), kaempferol-3-O-[2",6"-di-O-(E):p-coumaroyl]-β-D-galacopyranoside (15), casuariin (16), casuarinin (17), castalagin (18), benzyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (19), n-butyl-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (20), respectively. Among themcompounds 2,9,10,12,13,15,19 and 20 were isolated from Castanea genus for the first time, and compound 3 and 18 were obtained from this plant for the first time.The results showed all the compounds exhibited different degrees of AR inhibitory activity, especially compounds 3,6-9,12,14-20 exhibited much stronger activities than that of positive control quercetin, which suggested that flavoniods and polyphenol derivatives were the basis for anti-diabetic activity. The mechanism of complications of diabetes induced by activation of polyhydric alcohols pathway and production of AGEs which caused by hyperglycemia were presumed. In the inhibitory experiments of AGEs assay, the best program was found to use the vaccum pump to wash the wells, and the concentration of the first-antibody and second antibody was 0.05μg/ml.In addition, the chemical study on the plant of Seseli hartvigii from Turkey was carried out by our work. Seseli hartvigii was belonging to Seseli genus of Umbelliferae family.Its constituents of n-hexane and EtOAc soluble fractions were studied.13 compounds were obtained by the silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatograghy and HPLC isolation methods, among them 12 compounds were identified by IR, UV, NMR and MS spectral analysis, and they were identified as 6-(3’-methyl-2’-oxo-3’-butenyl)-7-methoxycoumarin(1), tamarin (2), bergamottin (3), isoimperatorin (4), disenecionyl cis-khellactone (5), suberosin [6-(3’-methylbutenyl)-7-methoxycoumarin] (6), anomalin (7), (-)-(3’R,4’R)-3’-angeloyloxy-4’-acetoxy-3’,4’-dihydroseselin (8),notoptol(9),5-[(2"E)-6"-hydroxy-3",7"-dimethylocta-2", 7"-dienyloxy] psoralen(10),bergaptol (11),respectively. Among them, compound 1 was a new natural product, compounds 2,9-11 were isolated from Seseli genus for the first time. The results would be helpful for the further study on the chemical studies. |
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