A Study On Synset Construction Taking Verb "Na" As Cognitive Primitive In Modern Chinese

This dissertation chooses a common polysemous word "nd"(take) in modern Chinese as an initiative word to construct synonymous sets (synsets), compare the synonymous word meaning and describe the lexical semantic connotation, In lexical semantic web, the word "na" is presented formally as a node of verb class, but not an end node. It is gradually extended according to people’s cognition patterns. What is included in this node are the synsets that are constructed based on each concrete sememe. Through this, it realizes to collect scattering synonymous words and construct the synset system of "na" class verb with lexical semantic connotation structure.The dissertation is composed of the following nine chapters:The first chapter introduces the reasons why this topic is chosen, as well as the significance of the topic. It has a brief introduction to domestic and international studies on semantic primitives, and discusses the problems exist in the previous studies. Then it presents the research ideas, objects, scope of the study. And it lists the corpus source used in it.The second chapter talks about the theoretical foundation and Several related problems of the synset construction of "na" class verbs.Chapter three discusses about sense division of the verb "na" based on synset construction. It firstly points out the problems exist in traditional Chinese dictionaries. And then, it re-divides the dictionary entries according to the uni-sememe principle and the feature of refining semantic mining and description in semantic web.Chapter four discusses the synset construction of the meaning "zhud qu". This synset of "zhud qu"(na1) consists of appositional synset and hyponymy synset. The appositional synset is in the same semantic level with "na1". Compared to "na1", the hyponymy synset concludes more concrete words. It lays its emphasis on different aspects, including the anamorphoses of "hand action part" synset,"hand state" synset,"object position" synset,"instrument" synset and "strength" synset.Chapter five is about the synset construction of the meaning "bu zhud". This synset of "bu zhuo"(na2) is composed by appositional synset and hyponymy synset. The hyponymy synset concludes the anamorphoses of "agent" synset,"result" synset,"acting-processing" synset,"handling" synset and "meaning adduct" synset. Chapter six discusses the synset construction of the meaning "qu de". This synset of "qu de"(na3) consists of appositional synset and hyponymy synset. The hyponymy synset has three main anamorphoses of synsets, namely "approach" anamorphosis,"illegal means" anamorphosis and "behavior-strength" anamorphosis. Each of the three has its own hyponymy synset.Chapter seven is about the synset construction of the meaning "wo chi". This synset of "wo chi"(na4) is composed by its appositional synset and hyponymy synset. The appositional synset concludes eight words. The hyponymy synset concludes archaism anamorphosis and rhetoric anamorphosis. The hyponymy rhetoric anamorphosis consists of six kinds of idioms. The hyponymy rhetoric anamorphosis consists of six kinds of idioms:the anamorphosis synset of "ba wo" class verbs, including the metaphor of being sure, the metaphor of doing something easily and the metaphor of being uncertain or unreliable; the anamorphosis synset of "deal with affairs" class verbs, including the metaphor of being good at dealing with affairs and the metaphor of wielding the scepter; the anamorphosis synset of "behavior" class verbs; the anamorphosis synset of "emotion" class verbs; the anamorphosis synset of "talent/fortune" class verbs and the anamorphosis synset of "situation" class verbs.Chapter eight analyzes the synset construction of the meaning "zhang wo". This synset of "zhang wo"(na5) still consists of appositional synset and hyponymy synset. The hyponymy synset of it concludes the synset of "zhang guan" and the synset of "k ong zhi". The latter is a larger one which has its own appositional and hyponymy synsets. Its appositional synset has five words. Its hyponymy synset concludes the "scope-controlled" and the "activity-controlled" anamorphosis synsets. The former also has a derogatory sence anamorphosis of meaning "cao zong" and its synonyms; the latter three anamorphosis synsets:the "coercion" synset, the "launch an attack" synset and the "self-control" synset. The former two imply that the agent controls the object, and the third one implies that the agent controls itself.The last chapter is the conclusion part. It summarizes the results and innovative points of this article and also points out the shortages in this paper and some questions remained to be further discussed in future studies.