A Functional Grammar Approach To The Studies On Evaluation Category In Mordern Russian

The study object of this paper is an evaluation category in modern Russian. Evaluation category is one of common category to all mankind. It’s often involved in one of research object of philosophy, logic and linguistics. The main representative in Russian linguistic research evaluation category is E.M. Boлъф, H.Д. Apyтюновa, T.B. MapкeлоBa, A.A. Ивин They represent the different linguistic genres, the study of evaluation category and understanding angle are also different. Logic and Philosophy genre refer value theory concept and moral concept of philosophy ethic which study the relationship between element of the formation of linguistic evaluation significance and value logic. Function semantics genre regards evaluation as function semantic category which main purpose is to study different language means of different levels of expressing evaluation significance. Meanwhile, some scholars regard evaluation significance as a meaning of language unit, analyze its role and characteristics in different semantic structures. Others regard evaluation as a kind of language phenomenon, study the affection and influence of both communication sides for evaluation significance during communication.This paper incorporates above point of view, by comparing and analysis evaluation significance and other linguistic significance, the relationship and difference of evaluation category and other linguistic category, does following definition for linguistic evaluation category:Evaluation category is kind of subjective modal category, its systematic category significance is "The value attitude of subject to the object", specifically it refers that subject makes positive or negative evaluation in terms of base on existing value system in social or individual consciousness.This paper makes the following classification for the type of means of evaluation category. The first level, evaluation significance can be divided into general evaluation significance and detailed evaluation significance. The second level, detailed evaluation significance can be divided into rational evaluation significance, emotional evaluation significance and psychological evaluation significance. The third level, the rational evaluation can be divided into standard evaluation significance and effectiveness evaluation significance. Emotional evaluation significance can be divided into apperceivable evaluation significance and emotional subjective evaluation significance. The fourth level, standard evaluation significance can be divided into property specification evaluation significance, degree evaluation significance and ethics evaluation significance. Effectiveness evaluation significance can be divided into sensory evaluation significance and perceivable evaluation significance.The evaluation significance can be expressed in a variety of verbal and non-verbal means. In Russian language, the expression linguistic means of evaluation significance are mainly speech means, word formation means, vocabulary and syntax means. Vocabulary means is a major means of expression evaluation significance which refer that the logical content structure of vocabulary contained words or phrases including evaluation significance. Adjectives and corresponding adverbs ar basic vocabulary of expression of the evaluation significance, followed by nouns, verbs, phrase (including idiomatic phrase) and adverbs which is no corresponding adjectives. Syntax means is another important way to express the evaluation significance. We call evaluation significance of syntactic structure as evaluation statements, specifically divided into evaluation of statement with evaluation word and without evaluation of word. For the evaluation statement with evaluation word, evaluation significance mainly depends on the meaning of words. Syntactic structure and tone strengthen emotional expressiveness. In terms of the evaluation statement without evaluation word, tone becomes a necessary way of expression evaluation significance.As conclusion, in this paper, on the basis of combination of theory and practice, it systematically detailed describes the characteristics of linguistic evaluation category, basic types of evaluation significance and expression means of evaluation significance. And it not only helps the enhance the overall understanding of the linguistic evaluation category, also for the further study on the linguistic evaluation category, and laid the foundation for the further research of Evaluation category.