The Research On The Middle And Late Tang Dynasty And Five Dynasties Military Governor’s Civilian Staff Office

This dissertation focuses on the middle and late Tang Dynasty and five Dynasties military governor’s civilian staff office, systematically described fu shi, march Sima, the judge, secretary, the officer and inspector, all the six kinds of important civilian staff officers. The author concludes that the late Tang Dynasty peasant uprising was the critical turning point in history of the military governor’s civilian staff officers. The article analyses the formation of military governor, the relationship by provision of agency system and imperial examination system, the electoral system, the change by scholarly, the relationship between civilian staff officers and military staff officers. It Covers the middle and late Tang Dynasty and five Dynasties political system, social and cultural issues and many other problems, which would be a good perspective to understand the changes of The Tang and Song Dynasty.The military governor’s civilian staff office came from the early Tang’s march office under the influence of the middle Tang’s political changes. The formation process was generally synchronous with the establishment of the military governor system.The provision of agency system is one of the core issues in the Tang’s military governor, it also a main way of the choice of the civilian staff officers. Meanwhile, the relationship among the imperial examination system, the electoral system and the provision itself constitutes a comprehensive mechanism for scholarly’s promotion in the middle and late Tang Dynasty and five Dynasties. The jian xiao official has become a "bridge" between the provision of agency system and the electoral system, and maintains the balance between central and local powers. The party struggles were also one of the important factors which has influences to the political future of the civilian staff officers, just as the military governor’s power and size.The secretary, being an "typical" civilian staff officer, attracts the scholars’ attentions for the charge of writing. This dissertaion will verifys the evolution of the secretary’s imperial origin, background, political future and other issues. It also clarify the relationship of secretary and the style of this time, and questions the saying that secretary "one person said". There were obvious differences between the Secretary in the middle and late Tang Dynasty and the one in five Dynasties, which was also the epitome of the scholars’fate in the changing time.This dissertation formulates the position changes of the fushi and march sima,based on the research by yan geng wang. Discuss the diffenent types of the judges, the different helms and status, and characteristics of the officer and inspectorThis dissertation also focuses on the relationship of the civilian staff officers to the social change in the middle and late Tang Dynasty and five Dynasties. It explored the civilian staff office’s background changes which has revealed the shift of the different social class of noble and populace, its historical significance, the civilian staff officers’change in their position and attitude, the scholars’transformation which had been accomplished by the social "de-aristocratic". It concluded that the phenomenon civilian staff officers’precedence over military staff officers in the middle and late Tang Dynasty disappeared in the late Tang Dynasty peasant uprising, which has brought the rise of military staff officers’social position. But the civilian staff officers would gradually "regain" their, traditional advantages in the late of five Dynasties.The conclusion summarizes the historical development of the civilian staff officers in the middle and late Tang Dynasty and five Dynasties, shows some certain features and corresponding changes. It also leads some thoughts for the origins of the "civil service system" in Song Dynasty.