Construction And Application Of Digital Complexion Inspection System

Objective:To constructe the digital inspection information system, in order to study the change rules of chronic HBV‐related diseases and provide auxiliary tools to improve the levels of clinical diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Methods:Based on the TCM theory of "five colours main five diseases" and the clinical practice for chronic liver disease face, we used the TCM facial acquisition equipment to explore the fundamentals and rules of digital facial inspection of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and investigate the relevance of changes in facial five colors to the biological indicators of CHB. Moreover, we used facial inspection technology to construct the objective and quantitative identification methods of facial digital information, in order to establish the objective and quantitative diagnosis and treatment methods of CHB in TCM, and improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of CHB in TCM.Through literature study, expert consultation and experimental research, we discussed the characteristics of digital image, the influencing factors on digital image acquisition, the evaluation methods of digital image quality and the methods of correction in digital image. And we also determined the digital facial inspection image acquisition scheme and tested it through using the TCM facial acquisition equipment provided by Hubei provincial hospital of TCM.Software engineering methods were applied to constructing the digital inspection information system. On the basis of the definite software requirements, system function diagram, system flow chart, database design and interfacial design were established. The established system can realize the functions, such as the input of patient information, the preprocessing of facial images and the analysis of facial images, and provide the inspection digital image processing platform for the following facial inspection with CHB patients.Reference to clinical research methods and based on “the prevention and treatment guideline for viral hepatitis” revised by Chinese Society of Infectious Diseases and Parasitic Diseases in association with Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association in2000, the CHB patients from2011.6to2012.12in Hubei provincial hospital of TCM were divided into three groups: mild group, moderate group and severe group. Based on “the Diagnostic and treatment guidelines for liver failure” in2006, the above CHB patients were divided into the patients with liver failure and without liver failure. In addition, HBeAg negative CHB patients were randomly divided into three groups: Diwu yanggan Capusle (DWYG) treatment group, antiviral treatment group and DWYG combined antiviral treatment group. Through the observation for the above groups with the three different categories, we acquired the facial images and recorded basic information, symptoms and signs, and laboratory results of the above patients. Then we applied the established digital inspection system to studying the facial change rules of different grading and staging of CHB patients, the patients with liver failure and without liver failure, and the patients with liver and kidney essence deficiency and complexion before and after treatment. Results:The established facial image acquisition scheme could better acquire the facial images of patients, which provided the security for the research of color consistency between different images, and obtained the image quality that satisfied the need of the study.The established digital inspection system has information input function, image preprocessing function and facial image color analysis function.According to the research need, the information input function could record the patient’s name, age, gender, and other basic information; the laboratory results of ALT, AST, GGT and ALP, TP, ALB, A/G, TBIL, DBIL, IBIl and HBV‐DNA in patients; the patients with entry complexion, dim complexion, jaundice with bright yellow, jaundice, dark yellow, yellow, oral, complexion and green, face red, pale yellow, white face, complexion black, the complains, symptoms and signs of patients; and the acquired facial image information of patients.The image preprocessing function could complete the operations, such as rotation, translation, cutting, correction of the acquired image. Through the image preprocessing function, according to the TCM theory of “faces corresponding to the five organs”, we can obtain the consistent facial image study area, and can make the following consistent color research with collected facial images for different patients.The facial image color analysis function could make RGB color analysis, HIS color analysis and the the five colors analysis with facial image of patients after pretreatment, which could obtain the objective, quantitative and standardization of digital inspection data, and provide the accurate digital facial inspection diagnosis basis.We applied the established digital inspection system for the analysis of the facial information with CHB patients. On the facial five‐color values of CHB patients in mild, moderate and severe groups, the cyan index（D2：11.14±3.33vs.13.98±4.05vs.14.59±4.86；D4：10.42±3.64vs.12.82±3.49vs.13.61±4.14）, the yellow index （D2：13.73±4.43vs.15.59±4.62vs.17.08±5.31；D3：12.47±3.94vs.15.65±4.26vs.16.18±4.70；D4：13.48±4.14vs.15.10±4.28vs.17.93±5.49）, the black index （D2：8.70±2.16vs.13.69±4.61vs.18.43±4.20；D3：8.51±3.07vs.10.25±3.38vs.14.74±4.96；D4：8.74±3.34vs.14.44±4.57vs.18.14±5.14） significantly increased with the severity of the disease, which showed statistical difference, p<0.05.In the facial five‐color values of CHB patients with liver failure and without liver failure, the cyan indexes（D2：10.29±4.06vs.15.61±4.14；D3：10.75±4.65vs.15.45±4.94；D4：10.31±4.03vs.15.55±4.79）, the yellow indexes（D2：11.38±4.86vs.17.93±5.49；D3：11.41±4.43vs.17.57±5.56；D4：11.63±4.47vs.17.23±5.83）, the black indexes（D2：9.44±4.14vs.17.14±5.14；D3：9.76±4.66vs.17.60±5.61；D4：9.38±4.92vs.17.87±5.49）significantly increased with the severity of the disease, which showed statistical difference, p<0.05.There was no significant difference in the facial five‐color values between DWYG treatment group, NA treatment group with DWYG＋NA treatment group, P＞0.05. In compared to the facial five‐color values of before DWYG treatment, the cyan indexes（D2：14.55±5.62vs.11.64±3.86；D3：14.41±5.09vs.11.93±3.17；D4：13.71±5.01vs.11.13±3.48）, the yellow indexes（D2：13.09±5.11vs.11.08±3.34；D3：13.03±5.15vs.11.82±3.32；D4：13.52±5.47vs.11.11±3.62）, the black indexes（D2：11.01±5.39vs.10.30±3.83；D3：11.24±5.41vs.10.71±3.59）obviously decreased, which showed statistical difference, p<0.05.In compared to the facial five‐color of before NS treatment, the cyan indexes（D2：14.94±5.65vs.12.27±3.32；D3：14.43±5.78vs.12.03±3.83；D4：13.74±5.19vs.12.79±3.31）, the yellow indexes（D2：13.83±5.46vs. 11.19±3.95；D3：13.97±5.45vs.11.44±3.67；D4：13.97±5.78vs.11.05±3.72）obviously decreased, which showed statistical difference, p<0.05.In compared to the facial five‐color of before DWYG+NS treatment, the cyan indexes（D2：14.17±5.52vs.10.11±3.58；D3：14.83±5.55vs.10.73±3.34；D4：13.30±5.53vs.10.57±3.18）, the yellow indexes（D2：13.76±5.38vs.10.71±3.47；D3：13.82±5.86vs.10.43±3.92；D4：13.66±5.19vs.10.54±3.85）, the black indexes（D2：11.32±5.71vs.9.32±3.45；D3：11.44±5.85vs.9.66±3.22；D4：11.54±5.17vs.9.89±3.18）obviously decreased, which showed statistical difference, p<0.05.The availed data were compared among three groups. DWYG＋NA group: the cyan indexes（D2：4.06；D3：4.10；D4：2.73）, the yellow indexes（D2：3.05；D3：3.39；D4：3.12）, the black indexes（D2：2.00；D3：1.78；D4：1.65）obviously changed, which showed statistical difference, p <0.05. DWYG group: the cyan indexes（D2：2.91；D3：2.48；D4：2.58）, the yellow indexes（D2：2.01；D3：1.21；D4：2.41）, the black indexes（D2：0.71；D3：0.53；D4：0.52）obviously changed, which showed no statistical difference, p>0.05.Conclusion:The established digital complexion inspection system can record the basic information of patients, symptoms and signs, laboratory results and facial image information; the system can effectively preprocess the input facial image and make the following operations, such as image translation, rotation, cutting, denoising, edge extraction, which can make the following consistent color research with collected facial images for different patients. The system can make RGB color analysis, HIS color analysis and the the five colors analysis with facial image of patients after pretreatment. The established digital complexion inspection system can make up the deficiency of the TCM diagnosis methods, which contributed to get rid of the interruptions of subjective factor on TCM diagnosis. And it also can provide objective and quantitative data for clinical facial inspection, which have some application value.Through the application of the established digital complexion inspection system the objective and quantitative study on the color of faces in CHB patients was carried on, and its result can reflect the evolution law of the energy attenuation of liver and spleen, which has certain reference value for clinical diagnosis and treatment and also contribute to improve the service ability and level of TCM.