Study On Preparation And Applications Of Biomass Bamboo Charcoal-based Catalytic Materials

Bamboo charcoal?BC?is a class of efficient adsorbents and catalyst support materials because of its large surface and easy availability.The modification of BC to develop four kinds of materials and their performances were studied in this dissertation.Titanium modified bamboo charcoal?BCT?were prepared by using tetrabutyl titanate as a precursor through a sol-gel method.BC T samples were characterized by using SEM and XRD to obtain the structure,morphology and surface.Degradation of phenol in the wastewater was stud ied to test the photocatalytic properties of BCT.The effect of titanium loadings onto BC on the photocatalytic performance were discussed.The relationship between structure and properties of BC T were analyzed.Montmorillonite and titanium modified in bamboo charcoal?BCMT?were synthesized by using montmorillonite and tetrabutyl titanate modified and BC.BCMT were characterized by XRD,SEM to probe the structure and the morphology.the photocatalytic properties of the BCMT as photocatlystswere evaluated by treatment of Rhodamine B?RhB?wastewater The effects of temperature and loading amount of composites were discussed,BC were used as supports for immobilizing microbial?BCB?and the catalytic property of immobilized microbial were de tected.Enzyme immobilization on the BC were developed by impregnation to expand the BC application in organic synthesis.Behavior of immobilized lipase of BC E were investigated and the immobilized enzyme activity and the enzymatic reaction conditions in the enzymatic catalytic synthesis of sucrose ester were analyzed.The performances of immobilized enzyme and free enzyme were compared.BC was a good support material;the photocatalytic performance of BCMT were further enhanced;the performances of BCB in the degradation of phenol in the wastewater was better due to the combination of the photocatalytic degradation and the biological degradation t;BCE can keep the activity of the enzyme.The activity in the synthesis of sucrose ester by the enzymatic catalytic reaction was remarkable,with good stability.The morphology of titanium dioxide in BCT were changed by activation at high temperature.As for photocatalytic degradation efficiency,that over pure titanium dioxide was lower than that over BCT.Dispersion and fixation of TiO₂on the pore structure of bamboo charcoal was conducive to improvement of the photocatalyst with the easy catalyst recycling and separation.Activation with the increase of temperature,the crystal type and the structure of the BCT were changed.At 450?,anatase were formed as detected by XRD showing sharper reflections of anatase crystals.Activation at high temperature increased the rutile TiO₂ particle size.The optimal conditions of BCMT preparation was as follows:bamboo charcoal10g,tetrabutyl titanate 160 mL,montmorillonite 10 g,calcination temperature 450?.RhB in the solution were degraded,indicating the activity from the titanium dioxide and the BCMT.BCMT showed good mechanical properties and can be recycled.BCT and BCMT had difference performances because of the layered structure of inorganic montmorillonite,which provided a larger specific surface area and enhance the mechanical strength of the composite.The catalytic degradation of BC B material was much higher than that of microbial catalysis alone.The phenol-containing waste water was treated for 9 h,the removal rate of phenol reached 98.12%.The preparation conditions of titanium-modified bamboo charcoal with immobilized microorganism:pH=6,inoculation amount 110 mL/10g.BCB accelerated the phenol accumulation,provided a high concentration on the bamboo charcoal,thus improving the degradation efficiency.BCE showed a good activity in the synthesis of sucrose ester.BC E had be tter activity than that of bamboo charcoal immobilized enzyme and free enzyme in the synthesis of sucrose ester.The immobilization improved the activity of lipase and stability by physical adsorption of enzyme.When BC E was used for the eighth time,enzyme activity remained at 83.23%,indicating the immobilized enzyme can be recycled.