Research On Poverty Reduction By Social Organization In Contemporary China

Widely mobilizing social forces to participate in Development-oriented Poverty Reduction is the successful experience and an important feature of the poverty alleviation and development in China.Since China's reform and opening up,the Chinese government has been carrying the development-oriented poverty reduction program in the rural areas in an organized and planned way.In the process,gradually began to build the government-the market-social coordination promote poverty alleviation pattern.In the process,China's poverty situation is gradually changing.With the reducing of poor,the causes and structure of poverty population has become increasingly complex,poor's need is becoming ever more obvious.The disadvantages of government-led development-oriented poverty reduction appeared gradually,meanwhile the advantages of social organizations in poverty alleviation and development is growing.So,entering the 21 st century,policies and files carried by the central government want to encourage and support social organizations becoming more and more.After the 18 th National Congress of CCP,to build China into a comprehensive moderately prosperous society entered the key period,poverty alleviation and development also correspondingly entered crucial stage,mobilizing social organization participate in poverty alleviation and development became more important.On this background,study the related issues further has important practical significance and theoretical value.Surrounding the topic,this paper used facts of literature analysis,the actual interview as well as the methods of multidisciplinary cross,analyzed the theories,historical development,practice,current situation,problems and countermeasures of social organization which participated in Development-oriented Poverty Reduction Specifically,this paper is divided into six chapters in structure arrangement.Chapter ? is the introduction.This part mainly introduced the paper's background and significance,related research at home and abroad,the basic framework and methods,the innovation of the thesis and the major target of the study of the paper.Chapter ? is the theoretical foundation part.This part summarized related theorys.There is anti-poverty theory of Marx and Engels,Charitable views of Marx and Engels;related theorys of Marxism with Chinese characteristics;Chinese traditional philanthropic thought as well as related theorys of western.The task of this chapter wanted to provide important theoretical support.Chapter ? is the process of poverty alleviation and development that social organizations participated in contemporary China.This part belongs to practice summary research.The process is divided into four periods: the first phase that look mobilizing resources as the main purpose,the second stage that look the carrying out project as the main characteristics,the third stage that governments and social organizations begin to cooperate,the fourth stage that rose to make national strategic levels.This paper summarized five kinds of power: policies' advocating,poor's needs,international experience,wealth's supporting,culture of charity.Chapter ? is the practical condition.This part also belongs to the practice summary research,which could include domain,patterns and characteristics of actions that social organizations participated in.Action areas including infrastructure,education,health,industry,finance,disaster relief;The models include model that acted as fundraising tools,mode that carrying out projects,mode that supporting social organizations,mode that outsourcing government-financed to social organizations.Then,the paper put forward three action orientations,action-oriented of participation,empowerment,and training.Main characteristic is aiming for poverty alleviation rate high,high social sensitivity,equal participation.Finally,this paper summarized achievements from resources,innovation,charity culture and making up for government defects.Chapter ? is the evaluation of current achievements and problems,this part belongs to problem-lead research.On the basis of the important role that social organization of poverty alleviation,this paper explored the restrictive factors and the problems faced.There are four problems,lack of independence,lack of credibility,limited resource mobilization,and non-professional level.Also there are four main limiting factors,lags of legislation,strict management system,plight of resources,loose supervision system.Chapter ? is the development path of social organizations in poverty alleviation.This part belongs to countermeasures study.First,locate the role of social organizations in poverty alleviation and development.Then,refer to foreign experience.At last,put forward six suggestions social organizations and government also the social sectors.To promote administration reform of social organizations,to improve supervision and evaluation mechanism of the social organization,to perfecting the internal governance mechanism of social organization,to strengthen legislation for social organization which participate in poverty alleviation,to refine the tax policy of social organization,to cultivate charity culture.In short,through comprehensive analysis of the practice and the main problem,this paper intends to put forward the following opinions: the policy space and social space of social organization which participate in poverty alleviation is extended greatly;the trend of cooperation and institutionalization for social organization which participate in poverty alleviation is strengthened.But there are still many problems and challenges,so government,social organizations other sectors must do more and more.