Urban-rural Non-agricultural Employment Structure,Population Transfer Mode And Urbanization Level

The pace of urbanization is not the sooner the better,it should take a more healthy new urbanization road,so that it is conducive to economic development,but also conducive to narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas.The fundamental driving force of urbanization process is the change of industrial structure brought by industrialization.In the many factors affecting urbanization,the population transfer caused by the development of non-agricultural industry is the direct cause of urbanization.There are many studies on the effects of non-agricultural industries,non-agricultural employment and urban-rural labor transfer on urbanization,however,most of them ignored the structure of non-agricultural employment in urban and rural areas and the impact of population transfer mode on urbanization.Based on theoretical and empirical research,this paper builds a balanced model of urbanization,and focuses on the analysis of the influence of the proportion of non-agricultural employment and population transfer mode on urbanization.There is a kind of long-run equilibrium relationship between urbanization level and four variables:non-agricultural employment rate,rural non-agricultural employment proportion in non-agricultural employment,labor force participation rate in Urban and labor force participation rate in rural area.These variables reflect non-agriculturalization,urban-rural non-agricultural employment structure and population transfer mode.Under the interaction of these variables,Chinese urbanization has experienced a fluctuation period,a stable Growth period and a rapid Growth period.Characters and the influence of non-agriculturalization,urban-rural,non-agricultural employment structure and population transfer mode are different in each period.Promotion of non agriculturalization on Chinese urbanization always produced the greatest positive impact,but urban and rural non-agricultural employment structure produced different effects at each stage:at the first and third stage,it raised the level of urbanization by lower the rural non-agricultural employment proportion,but invisibly expanded income gap between urban and rural areas,only at the second stage,rural non-agricultural employment proportion increased.The effects of population transfer mode on China's urbanization is in changes,at the first and second stage it mainly relied on the transfer of labor,and labor transfer driven by non labor transfer was not strong,then gradually strengthend in the third stage,however,it has not reached to the ideal state.In the process of urbanization in China in the future,the development of non-agricultural industries will naturally play a huge role,will pull the process of rapid progress of urbanization.We also should pay more attention to adjusting urban-rural non-agricultural employment structure and reducing the speed of urbanization.At the same time,we should change population transfer mode to make more non-labor force transfer to urban area with the transfer of labor force.