Research And Application Of Oil Sands Remote Sensing Information

Remote sensing images reflect the characteristics of ground objects and their spatial association truly.It contains a lot of geological information of different properties,types and scales,so it plays an important role in the quality of regional geological survey.With the improvement of spectral and spatial resolution of remote sensing images,more abundant information is provided for the application of geology and its relative earth science.It has obvious benefits in improving the study of geological and mineral prediction making full use of remote sensing information especially in high altitude areas with poor transportation.It is an irreplaceable method to deepen the understanding of regional geology in enhancing the predictability,deploying field investigation and research work effectively,and improving the speed and quality of related geological surveys.With the focus on alternative energy-oil sands mineral resources,it is urgent to investigate and evaluate oil sands resources to provide scientific basis for formulating energy development strategy planning in China,so as to promote the sustainable development of energy.This study is devoted to the research of oil sands spectral information and remote sensing applications.On the basis of researching the spectral response of oil sands material composition and the measured high-resolution spectral data fully,this paper analyzed the diagnostic spectral characteristics of oil sands and their correlation with oil content,and applied them combinated with the parameter information of band on remote sensing image.The main research achievements are as follows:?1?Differential spectral analysis was introduced to study the spectral response mechanism of oil sands.Hydrocarbon microseepage is generally exist with oil and gas reservoir,which can lead to rock,soil,vegetation and so on of the surface or near surface change in material composition and structure.The main phenomenons are the surface adsorption hydrocarbon anomaly,transformation of trivalent iron ore into divalent iron ore,clay mineralization,carbonatization,the surface magnetic anomalies,ground surface radioactive mineralization anomalies,geothermal gradient anomaly,and plants anomaly.The earth's surface electromagnetic radiation characteristics change with such as a series transformations caused by hydrocarbon microseepage,which can be detected within the scope of the sensors band.This is the theory basis of identifing oil and gas reservoirs using remote sensing images.There is a relationship of symbiosis and transition between oil sands deposits and conventional oil and gas reservoirs.Therefore,in addition to its own electromagnetic radiation characteristics,oil sands are also inseparable from the abnormal characteristics caused by hydrocarbon microleakage.Based on the spectral response mechanism,the material composition and formation process of oil sands,the spectral response of oil sands is studied.A.The measured high-resolution oil sands spectral analysis showed that the absorption characteristics of 0.45?m,0.70?m,0.75¹.00?m and 1.19?m were caused by Fe²⁺and Fe³⁺.The absorptions of 1.30?m,1.70?m near by in the range of 1.10¹.80?m is related to C-H primary and secondary frequency,in addition to1.40?m,1.90?m water-related absorptions.The absorption of 2.10².40?m is the vibration spectrum of-OH and different cation.Frequency multiplication and combination spectrum of CO₃^2-internal vibration are at 2.35?m and 2.55?m;2.30².45?m is the combined spectrum band of C-H.B.Due to the spectral information of some location does not obvious or overlap,in order to make the division of science,the differential spectrum analysis was introduced in addition to the measured spectrum analysis.The first order differential result showed that the spectral characteristic positions were more definite and clearer than the original spectrum at 1.328?m,1.720?m,2.166?m,2.206?m,2.310?m,2.350?m,2.384?m,2.455?m,which ccould provide the exact absorption position for feature parameter extraction.?2?The variation rule of oil sands spectral curve and characteristic absorption parameters with oil content were summarized by correlation study between oil sands spectral characteristics and oil content.A.In the correlation study between oil sands spectral curves and oil content,the spectral curves were divided into three categories according to morphology,and analysed with the corresponding oil content.It showed that:the oil content of oil sands corresponding to the first curve was low,so the absorption position of hydrocarbons was almost invisible,which was mainly manifested as the characteristics of clay minerals,but the clay mineral reflectance was generally high,the overall reflectance of this kind of spectral curve is very low,this may be related with hydrocarbons;the second type of oil sands had the middle oil content and the absorption characteristics appeared respectively at 1.70?m of hydrocarbons and0.80¹.00?m of Fe²⁺and 2.30².50?m;the third type of spectrum curve corresponding to the highest oil content,1.40?m,1.90?m of clay mineral water absorptions gradually disappeared,“dual spectral structure”of clay minerals at 2.20?m and even disappeared,absorption at 1.70?m enhanced and appeard asymmetric double absorption characteristics,absorption near 2.30?m enhanced obviously,and the rapid growth of 2.45².50?m reflectivity,it ccould be seen that hydrocarbons absorption characteristics;the oil content of corresponding oil sands was increasing from the first curve to the third curve,and the minimum reflectivity moved to the direction of long wave.In conclusion,the oil sands spectral curve could reflect the oil content.In conclusion,the macro form of oil sands spectral curve can reflect the oil content.B.The response relationship between characteristic absorption parameters and oil content showed that the response relationship between characteristic absorption depth and oil content of asphalt,clay minerals was better than the other three characteristic absorption parameters;the absorption depth of asphalt was positively correlated with the oil content,while the absorption depth of clay minerals was negatively correlated with the oil content,which could provide reference for oil sand resources and reservoir evaluation according to the absorption depth of asphalt and clay minerals.?3?The prospecting model of oil sands prospect area based on satellite remote sensing data was established by analyzing the correlation between oil sands spectral reflectance and oil content and selecting the best band and constructing oil sands identification indexes.Based on the correlation analysis of oil sands'oil content and spectral reflectance,combined with the waveband parameter information of remote sensing images,the oil sands spectrum anomalies remote sensing identification indexes were proposed and applied to the remote sensing data on the satellite to forecast oil sands prospects.The favorable ore-forming zone was identified in the study area and verified in the field.In the known oil sand mining areas,the effects of three type indexes are very consistent,and have a certain classification of oil content degree;in favorable metallogenic belt of oil sands,the ratio index is in a good agreement with field verification.This paper has two innovations:Firstly,the information of oil sands diagnostic spectral absorption position were obtained through the analysis of oil sands measured hyperspectral data,which provided reference for extraction of characteristic parameters of oil sands absorption.Secondly,a semi-quantitative analysis method,which is based on the correlation with oil content,was proposed to select characteristic bands.Then different types of remote sensing oil sands information identification indexes were constructed,and applied to identify oil sands metallogenic belt and prospect prediction area on remote sensing images.