Reservoir Simulation Study Of CO₂ Enhanced Oil Recovery On The D3 Reservoir Of Canada Clive Field

In this paper,the feasibility study of CO2miscible flood was proposed to the D3A reservoir,Canada Clive Field,in terms of the reservoir properties,such as high oil recovery,light oil,relatively high pressure maintained and the late stage of water flood.The dissertation fully covered all aspects of CO2 evaluation from the laboratory experiments to the project economic assessment.Firstly,an up to date paper review was done to get a full understanding of CO2 flood advancements and evaluation approaches.After that,it compared the D3A reservoir with some profitable CO2 flooding projects on the screening criteria.Lastly a preliminary recommendation was reached that the D3A reservoir is favourable for miscible flood as its reservoir properties meet the most screening criteria of CO2miscible f ood.A comprehensive research performed in this paper has:1.Analyzed the history performance of the reservoir,2.Assessed PVT and slim tube experiments,3.Tuned EOS of reservoir fluids,4.Built Geological and dynamic models,5.Accomplished the history match,6.Forecast CO2 flood of different scenarios and evaluated their economics.The main conclusion was made as below:1.The reservoir has its advantages for CO2 flood,such as the reservoir pressure,oil viscosity,residual oil saturation,reservoir structure,net pay,and so on.Technical and economic success in EOR can be achieved by CO2 flood,2.PVT and slim tube experiments showed the reservoir is a good candidate for CO2 flood as its oil viscosity is only 0.46 mPa.s with favourable mobility ratio,and MMP is in the range of 12.2 MPa to 12.5MPa which is lower than the current reservoir pressure,3.Both 6 component and 9 component equations of state are satisfactory for the forecast of CO2 flood in the reservoir and have a good match on the experiments of CCE,DL and slim tube experiments,4.The geological model can adequately characterize the reservoir with a good match on the OOIP of the reservoir,5.The scaled up geological model and refined reservoir dynamic model by history match properly reflect the fluid flow in the reservoir and are adequate to forecast CO2 flood performance on the reservoir,6.The incremental recovery factor in the range of 8.5%to 12.7%of OOIP is achievable by the different injection rates of CO2 on the reservoir,7.Three designed CO2 flood development plans on the D3A reservoir are economic,and the plan with the high injection rate is recommended.In summary,the main innovtions of this paper include as follows:1.the production data for the main reservoir zones was used as a condition on porosity which can solve the problem of a lack of logged wells in the centre portion of the field;2.The approach of using pseudo injectors and water producers to match the influx and efflux was prove to adequately match the pressure evolvment history and the reservoir interference;3.the PVT data was valided and tuned for EOS models which gave good matches to the experiment data.