Preparation,Structure And Properties Of Flame Retardant And Antibacterial Wood Wallpaper

As interior wall decoration material,wallpaper has an important impact on air quality,fire safety and human health of indoor environment.The research for functional wallpaper has positive significance for improving the quality of life of the mass.In this paper,the wood wallpaper with fire redundancy and antibacterial properties(FRAW)was prepared and intensive studied.By FE-SEM,AFM,FTIR and 2DIR,SSNMR,CCT,LOI,bacteriostatic circle method,soil buried method,CIE1976(L*a*b*)color system and the fractal dimension method,the morphology,chemical structure,flame retardant properties,antibacterial performance,degradability,change,color change and stereo decorative effect of the wooden wallpaper were analyzed and characterized.The main results are as follows:(1)Ammonium polyphosphate(APP),pentaerythritol(PER),guanidine phosphate(GP)and organic modified montmorillonite(OMMT)were used for preparation the intumescent flame retardant(IFR),in which mAPP:mPER:mGP=10:4:5 and OMMT 5%(based on APP mass).The non-woven paper was treated by ultrasonic impregnation,the optimization conditions for immersion time 2 min,temperature 30℃,APP mass fraction 20%.Under this processing condition,the char length of non-woven pape is only 38 mm,reached the specified in the national standard GB/T14656-2009.(2)With silver loaded nanometer titanium dioxide(Ag-TiO2),the veneer was impregnated treatment under different process conditions.The optimizing conditions for time 10 min,temperature 30℃,Ag-TiO2 mass fraction 2%,mgel:mwater=1:2.Under the condition,the antibacterial rate of the veneer for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached more than 99%,met the requirements specified in the QB/T4371-2012 standard.(3)Flame retardant and antibacterial composite reagent is prepared to deal with weneer and non-woven pape,composition as APP 20%(mass ratio),and mAPP:mPER:mGP=10:4:5,OMMT and Ag-TiO2 addition were 5%and 2%respectively.After impregnation process by the time 5 min and temperature 30℃,the wallpaper material were dried and bonded to get flame retardant and antibacterial wood wallpaper(FRAW).The limit oxygen index of the oxygen index(LOI)of FRAW was 39.8%,achieved quality index of GB 8624-2012 for B1 level(flame retardant)requirements.(4)FE-SEM,EDS and AFM analysis showed that the micron grade composite reagent distribution in the surface of the FRAW,the main elements of C,O,N,P,Ag,Ti.Composite treatment agent filled trench wormlike original wallpaper surface,so FRAW showed a more smooth surface morphology.FTIR and 2DIR analysis results showed that the absorption peak position of the active groups(P-OH,P=O,secondary ammonia-NH and P-O-Ar)for FRAW mainly located 1 655 cm-1 and 1317 cm-1,1 042 cm-1 and 1 015 cm-1.Flame retardant treatment made the number of temperature sensitive functional groups increased in FRAW,and the absorption intensity enhanced.SSNMR measurements for FRAW showed that the 13C-NMR appeared belonging to-O-CH3 and--CH2*-N-chemical displacement signal,indicating that the ratio of alkyl and carboxyl carbon increase,and 3’P-NMR appeared attributable to pentaerythritol spiro ring double phosphate(PEDP)electrode enhancement degree shift signal.Accordingly,the comprehensive analysis to infer FRAW flame retardant agent role mechanism that were esterification reaction between APP and PER,APP and GP.In addition,the flame retardant and wood fibers interacted in the form of hydrogen bonds.However,the antibacterial agent composition and wallpaper is a mechanical attachment,no chemical reaction.(5)Compared with PVC wallpaper,the HRR and PHRR of FRAW-S(single layer FRAW wallpaper)were reduced by 47.4%and 64.8%,respectively.Fire growth rate index(FIGRA)of FRAW-S is 16.01%of PVC wallpaper,and Fire performance index(FPI)of FRAW-S is 7.92 times of that of PVC wallpaper,Smoke growth rate index(SMOGRA)of FRAW-S is 7.69%of that of PVC wallpaper,shows that the fire safety of FRAW-S is better than PVC wallpaper.The types and quantities of harmful gases released by PVC wallpaper combustion are much higher than those of FRAW.The initial decomposition temperature of FRAW is low,and the rate of carbon is high.It is proved that the flame retardant mechanism has the mechanism of gas phase flame retardant and the mechanism of flame retardant.(6)The air resistance of FRAW is only 1.4 s,far below that of the PVC wallpaper,shows FRAW has a better use of comfort.The moisture absorption rate and the moisture expansion rate of the line for FRAW were all lower than those of the simple flame retardant,indicating that OMMT and Ag-Ti02 have contributed to the reduction of moisture absorption and increase the dimensional stability.The tear strength of FRAW is better,and the tensile strength of PVC wallpaper is higher.Both FRAW and PVC wallpaper can meet the use requirements for folding performance.Better bonding strength(10.71 MPa)can be obtained by using the surface layer and the bottom layer of PVAc bonded FRAW.The degradation rate of FRAW is 69%after 1 year of buried soil,far higher than that of the PVC wallpaper(39.8%),shows FRAW has better environmental friendly performance.(7)Compared with the control sample,FRAW brightness decline,and the color value △Eab*of 3.699.Reduced light resistance,△Eab*increased by 47.4%when the light radiation 16 d.This is due to light degradation of the antimicrobial agent in the presence of silver ions and timber main chemical components in a common cause.The △Eab*of PVC wallpaper is greater than that of the FRAW in rate of increase of growth trend in the late light radiation.(8)The surface fractal dimension of control sample and FRAW is 2.514 and 2.516 respectively,indicating that flame retardant/antibacterial treatment has little effect on the three-dimensional decorative properties.PVC wallpaper fractal dimension is 2.7291,this due to its surface-embossing process.In addition,the fractal dimension range of FRAW comparison still narrow,indicating that the flame retardant/antibacterial treatment for FRAW motifs degree of order and randomness has an impact.Fractal dimension distribution area of PVC wallpaper is narrower than that of FRAW,means FRAW has superior unique natural beauty.