Cornus Germplasm Resources Evaluation By Molecular Markers And New Cultivars Selection

Cornus officensis(Cornus officinalis Sieb.Et Zucc.)Is Comaceae Cornaceae Cornus,alias cornus,cornus,jujube skin,is our unique multi-purpose economic forest tree species,is also the traditional authentic Chinese herbal medicine The Comus has a long history of cultivation in China,mainly produced in Anhui,Shaanxi,Henan and Zhejiang provinces.However,due to dogwood in semi-wild state,and cross-pollination and growth of environmental conditions,resulting in differences in the species,the fruit yield and quality and other aspects of good and bad.Therefore,on the basis of extensive investigation,collection and evaluation of dogwood germplasm resources,the research on the breeding of new varieties of Cornus officinalis and the development of technical rules based on the current situation of Cornus officinalis are of great importance to promote the improvement and standardization of traditional economic forest industry.significance.In this study,we collected 13 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in China to evaluate the phenotypic index and molecular markers of Cornus officinalis in order to understand the genetic relationship between the genetic diversity of the Cornus offcinalis and germplasm resources in different producing areas from the DNA level,To provide a theoretical basis for the classification,protection and utilization of Chinese dogwood resources,the establishment of Comus officinalis germplasm resources preservation library;at the same time breeding new varieties and the preparation of various technical regulations,with a view to strengthening the mountain forestry ecological construction,promotion of advanced forestry technology,Awareness and standardization of production awareness.The main findings are as follows:(1)Dogwoods are distributed in China's 13 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities),the core distribution area for the Qinling·Mountains in Shaanxi Province,Henan Funiu Mountain and Zhejiang Province,Tianmu Mountain,Henan Province,Xixia County,Neixiang County,Nanzhao County County,Shaanxi Province,Danfeng County,Shangnan County,Shanyang County and other counties,Lin'an City,Zhejiang Province and other cities and counties is the main producing areas of dogwood,the distribution is more concentrated.Collected 542 copies of dogwood germplasm resources,builted the dogwood germplasm resources preservation garden.(2)There were significant differences in the phenotypic indexes such as leaf,flower and fruit between the quality of the dogwood.The coefficient of variation of the fruit polysaccharide content and the 'weight was more than 30%.The fruit weight,seed weight,leaf length,leaf width Petiole length and other indicators of the coefficient of variation more than 20%.In addition to the meat rate and seed diameter of the two indicators of variation coefficient were less than 10%,the rest of the coefficient of variation coefficients are more than 10%.There are abundant variations in.the phenotypic traits of the dogwood germplasm resources.(3)IS SR molecular markers and ITS gene sequence analysis showed that the genetic diversity of dogwood germplasm resources at the molecular level was rich.There were differences in genetic diversity among populations in different provinces,with the highest polymorphism in Zhejiang and Henan groups.The results of cluster analysis showed that the samples from different regions had different degrees of aggregation among the groups,and the genetic relationship among the samples was related to their geographical distribution.There were no differences in the sequences of the three chloroplast genes between the different samples,indicating that the variation degree of different dogwood samples was still within the same species.(4)34 germplasm resources were selected as the core germplasm resources according to Nei's&Li genetic distance.Molecular marker analysis of the genetic polymorphism of the core germplasm was significantly better than that of the retained germplasm.There was no significant difference in the genetic polymorphism of molecular marker and the coefficient of variation of phenotypic index analysis,compared with the original germplasm.(5)Through the varieties of primary selection,comparative test and regionalized experiment,from the Funiu mountainous dogwood breeds in the breed of 'Fu Niuhong Bao','Fu Niu Hong Shuo' and 'Fu Niu Red Dan' three new varieties of dogwood.Three new varieties are large fruit type dogwood,can effectively solve the small dogwood fruit,picking difficult production problems,reduce labor intensity,improve production efficiency.Among them 'Fu Niuhong Dan'dogwood polysaccharide content is high,effective medicinal ingredients is high.New varieties of breeding success to fill the Henan Funiu mountain dogwood varieties of blank,can effectively improve the efficiency of dogwood production,improve the traditional authentic Chinese herbal medicine production and quality.(6)Combined with China's actual production of dogwood,in a wide range of relevant research and production units to seek the views of the basis of the preparation of the "dogwood production technical regulations","Cornus seedlings nursery technical regulations" and "dogwood low-yield forest technical regulations." The technical rules of Cornus officinalis have stipulated technical contents such as planting and breeding of Cornus officinalis,grafting nursery,cutting seedling,seedling pest control,nursery stock and nursery stock management.The technical rules for the production of Cornus officinalis provide the technical standard for the natural conditions,variety selection,planting,management,pest control and fruit harvesting of Cornus officinalis.The technical specification of the transformation of the dogwood real estate forest stipulates the technical contents of the transformation of the dogwood real estate forest,the transformation of technical measures and the archives management.