| ObjectiveBased on a cross-sectional survey of the epidemiology of voice diseases among teachers,this paper discusses the relationship between the characteristics of voice diseases and TCM syndromes among teachers.Focusing on the main risk groups and the main dangerous diseases of teacher rvoice disease,according to their main risk factors,combined with the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine,the prevention and treatment strategy of teacher voice disease of traditional Chinese medicine was preliminarily formulated,providing ideas for the prevention and treatment of professional voice disease.MethodsThe voice disease epidemiological cross-sectional survey-for teachers sampled by a convenient sample survey from junior middle school,elementary school and kindergarten teachers,which located in Nanhai district Foshan city,by adopting the combination of questionnaire and physical examination,using stata12.0 software for data management and analysis,descriptive statistics analysis the basic characteristics of teachers’ voice disease epidemiology(distribution),unconditioned stepwise Logistic regression analysis the main risk factors of voice disease in teachers,analysis the characteristics of the main dangerous diseases of traditional Chinese medicine.Results(1)The average age of the subjects was 36.80±9.97 years old.Among them,the average age of kindergarten teachers was the youngest and junior middle school teachers was the oldest.(2)Teachers had a high detection rate of voice diseases,with an overall detection rate of 73.70%.The detection rate of voice disease among kindergarten teachers was 69.7%,primary school teachers was 70.6%,and junior middle school teachers was 77.7%.(3)The detection rate of voice disease of teachers with different basic characteristics was statistically significant in terms of educational background(P<0.01).The lower the education background,the lower the detection rate,and the higher the education background,the higher the detection rate,while the difference in gender,blood type,personality and other aspects was not statistically significant(P>0.05).(4)The detection of voice diseases among teachers of different teaching ages was complicated.Generally speaking,the detection rate was basically as follows:teachers with teaching age<1 year had the lowest detection rate,and teachers with teaching age of 11-20 years had the highest detection rate,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(5)The detection rate of voice diseases of teachers engaged in main subjects was higher than that of teachers engaged in auxiliary subjects,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(6)The detection rate of voice diseases of full-time administrative teachers was lower than that of teachers engaged in front-line teaching(including teaching part-time administrative teachers),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(7)The detection rate of voice diseases of head teachers was higher than that of non-class teachers,and th’e difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(8)The detection rate of voice diseases of teachers with cantonese as the main teaching language was lower than that of teachers with mandarin and English as the main teaching languages,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(9)The detection rate of voice diseases of teachers with emotional and natural teaching styles was higher than that of teachers with rational,humorous and skillful teaching styles,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).(10)The weekly class hours of teachers with voice diseases are higher than those without voice diseases,and the difference was statistically significant(2=3.104,P<0.05).(11)The risk of voice disease of full-time administrative teachers was 0.372 times higher than front-line teachers(95%CI:0.164～0.843),and the risk of voice disease of teachers of main subjects was 1.602 times higher than teachers of auxiliary subjects(95%CI:1.016～2.525).The risk of voice disease among noisy teachers in the surrounding environment was 2.107 times that of non-noisy teachers(95%CI:1.291～3.440),and the risk of voice disease among teachers with high pressure in work and life was 1.649 times that of non-noisy teachers(95%CI:1.077～2.525).The risk of voice disease in teachers who speak for a long time was 1.863 times that of teachers who speaknot for a long time(95%CI:1.184～2.932),and the risk of voice disease in teachers who teach as usual when they have a cold was 1.705 times that of teachers who not teach as usual when they have a cold(95%CI:1.020～2.849).The risk of voice disease in teachers with gastric acid reflux was 1.590 times(95%CI:0.671～3.769)than teachers without gastric acid reflux,and the risk of voice disease in teachers with sinusitis was 2.725 times(95%ci:0.933～7.958)than teachers without sinusitis.The risk of voice disease in teachers with dry pharyngeal symptoms was 2.667 times higher than that in teachers without dry pharyngeal symptoms(95%CI:1.273～5.586),and the risk of voice disease in teachers with shortness of breath was 4.073 times higher than that in teachers without dry pharyngeal symptoms(95%CI:1.111～14.932).(12)The top five TCM syndrome types of teacher’s voice diseases were:qi deficiency of lung and spleen syndrome,phlegm heat accumulation syndrome,liver qi stagnation syndrome,spleen deficiency wet sleepy syndrome,lung and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome.(13)The top five major western medicine diseases of teachers’ voice diseases were:chronic pharyngitis,chronic laryngitis,acute pharyngitis,tonsillitis,vocal nodules.ConclusionThe overall detection rate of teacher voice disease was higher.High-risk groups mainly included:teachers engaged in major subjects teaching,teachers engaged in front-line teaching,head teachers,teachers with mandarin or English as the main teaching language,teachers with emotional or natural teaching style as the main teaching style,teachers with more class hours per week.The risk factors mainly include:"noisy environment" in the working environment,"great pressure in work and life","long lecture""in the sound habit,"lecture as usual when you have a cold","acid reflux" and"Sinusitis" in related diseases,"dry throat" and "shortness of breath"in conscious symptoms.The main diseases of western medicine were:chronic pharyngitis,chronic laryngitis,sometimes collectively called chronic pharyngitis,which belongs to the category of slow throat stagnation,TCM syndrome differentiation mainly divided into lung qi deficiency syndrome,phlegm heat accumulation syndrome,liver qi stagnation syndrome,spleen deficiency wet sleepy syndrome,lung and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome.The comprehensive prevention and treatment strategies of TCM include:Strengtheni.ng spleen and stomach function through healthy light diet;Strengthening exercise to promote the qi and blood circulation;Strengthening your mind to keep healthy;Geting enough sleep;Correcting bad sound habits;According to the characteristics of different syndromes,select different herbs or herbal throat tea. |
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